Misregulation of chromosome cohesion during female meiosis serves as a reproductive isolating barrier in mice.

Ancestrally non-genic sequences are now widely recognized as potential reservoirs for the de novo emergence of new genes. Across clades, some de novo genes were proven to have substantial phenotypic effects, and to contribute to the emergence of novel biological functions. Yet, still very little is known about the starting material from which de novo genes emerge, especially in plants. To fill this gap, we generated Ribosome Profiling data from the closely related species Arabidopsis halleri, A. lyrata and A. thaliana and characterized genome-wide patterns of translation across them. Synteny analysis revealed 211 Open Reading Frames (ORFs) that have emerged de novo within the Arabidopsis genus and already exhibit signs of active translation. Most of these de novo translated ORFs were species- and even accession-specific, indicating their transient nature, with patterns of polymorphism consistent with neutral evolution in natural populations. They were also significantly shorter and less expressed than conserved Coding DNA Sequences (CDS), and their GC content increased with phylogenetic conservation. While most of them were located in intergenic regions and are thus newly discovered, 34 were previously annotated as CDS in at least one genome, and are promising putative genes. Our results demonstrate the abundance of translation events outside of conserved CDS, and their role as starting material for the emergence of novel genes in plants. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. Université de Lille, https://ror.org/0546v5182

Intragenomic conflict with selfish genetic elements spurs adaptive changes in subunits of essential multiprotein complexes. Whether and how these adaptive changes disrupt interactions within such comp...

NextGen Immunologists Day welcomes undergraduate students into the immunology community through a full day of hands-on learning, scientific exploration, and meaningful connection.

Interview with Cassandra Extavour, who studies the evolution of the genetic mechanisms employed during early animal embryogenesis to specify cell fate, development, and differentiation at Harvard Univ...

Abstract. Spermatozoal morphology varies widely within and among species, often corresponding to the shape of the female sperm storage organs in ways that

Please enable JavaScript to proceed.

Why do harmful genes persist in populations instead of being removed by natural selection? One answer lies in sexual antagonism: when a genetic variant benefits males but harms females, or vice versa.