Abstract. Protein synthesis efficiency is highly dependent on the messenger RNA (mRNA) coding sequence. Furthermore, there is extensive evidence of a corre

Abstract. Polymorphic toxin systems (PTS) are widespread and play an important role in bacterial competition and shaping communities. However, these system

Bacteria control individualistic and group behaviors using a form of cell-cell communication called quorum sensing. Quorum sensing relies on the production of chemical signals called autoinducers and ...

Ishiguro et al. identify stereoselective ribose-backbone methylations in the peptidyl-transferase center of E. coli ribosomes, installed by the cobalamin-dependent enzyme RlmX. These methylations, together with ho5C2501, are specifically induced under hypoxia. The hypoxia-induced modifications activate ribosomes, enhancing translational capacity and thereby promoting bacterial fitness in anaerobic conditions.

Antimicrobial resistance remains a formidable challenge to modern medicine, with bacterial resistance mechanisms increasingly eroding the utility of clinically important antibiotics. While recent efforts have expanded the antibacterial pipeline, the development of resistance in priority pathogens co …

Plant mitoribosomes are crucial for mitochondrial protein synthesis. Here, authors use cryo-EM to determine high-resolution structures of cauliflower mitoribosomes, and combined with sequencing and ma...

GTP-binding protein 1 (GTPBP1) is GTPase closely related to elongation factor eEF1A, but the GTPBP1-mediated elongation is slow. Here, the authors show how the distinct GTPBP1 architecture leads to sl...

Tuberculosis is the deadliest bacterial disease on the planet. The months-long regimen of multiple antibiotics required to treat tuberculosis profoundly affects the microbiome and leads to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections pose an incr …

Ribosome recycling’s role in translational regulation remains unclear. Miluzio, Scagliola, et al. show that blocking eIF6 phosphorylation by environmental stressors delays ribosome recycling at stop c...

Translation can be initiated from a specific start codon using trans-RNA.

Here, the authors solve a series of cryo-electron microscopy structures that show how transfer RNAs (tRNAs) can guide the assembly of the multisubunit poxvirus RNA polymerase, uncovering a role of tRN...

Inspired by the advance in protein structure prediction, CryoAtom builds protein models directly from cryogenic electron microscopy maps, producing more complete models, reducing the resolution requir...