Nature Microbiology, Published online: 06 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-026-02267-wAddendum: ESKAPE pathogens rapidly develop resistance against antibiotics in development in vitro

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 05 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-026-02259-wA covariate-aware analysis reveals that microbiome changes in the gut of patients with chronic kidney disease are better explained by intestinal transit time than by kidney function.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 02 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-026-02263-0Previous malaria exposure weakens whole-parasite malaria vaccines by leaving haemozoin, which impairs T cell activation. An mRNA vaccine bypasses this block, restores protective T cells and improves protection when combined with whole-sporozoite vaccination.

In a phase 2 trial evaluating healthy donor fecal microbial transplantation plus either anti-PD-1 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer or anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 in patients with melanoma, en...

In a preclinical breast cancer metastasis model, the same bacteria strain, when present intracellularly versus extracellularly, exerts opposing effects on tumor immunity by inducing divergent neutroph...

Chen et al. identify the natural product butyrolactol A as an inhibitor of the phospholipid flippase Apt1-Cdc50, which it locks in a nonfunctional state. By disrupting membrane homeostasis and enhanci...

Bao et al. reveal that intestinal epithelial cells secrete METTL9, a histidine methyltransferase acting as a cross-kingdom antifungal effector. By methylating the fungal zincophore PRA1, METTL9 disrup...

Efflux pumps disrupt antibiotic rebinding inside bacterial cells, amplifying multidrug resistance.

SFB colonization phenotypically alters alveolar macrophages, maintaining their antibacterial functions in inflamed interferon-rich lungs.

Biologics are delivered to the gut using phage that infects resident commensal bacteria.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 06 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-026-02267-wAddendum: ESKAPE pathogens rapidly develop resistance against antibiotics in development in vitro

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 03 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-026-02275-wA near-complete model for the complex structure of the Campylobacter jejuni flagellar motor revealed different mechanisms of assembly, activation and stability from the simple ‘classical’ flagellar model. Some of the additional motor structures in C. jejuni are conserved and only found in species of Campylobacterota, whose ancestor likely co-opted type IV pilus components from bacteria in the deep ocean.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 05 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-026-02259-wA covariate-aware analysis reveals that microbiome changes in the gut of patients with chronic kidney disease are better explained by intestinal transit time than by kidney function.

Ethical research must not exploit scarcity as an experimental variable.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-025-02258-3Using a non-human primate model, the authors identified the tissue sites of initial viral rebound after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy, demonstrating that such rebound preferentially occurs in the gastrointestinal tract-associated lymphoid tissues.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-025-02235-wPhylodynamic modelling shows how the changing antibiotic landscape and genetic determinants of resistance shape real-world gonococcal dynamics. Experiments validated that determinants with identical resistance phenotype differed in impact on fitness.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 03 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-026-02275-wA near-complete model for the complex structure of the Campylobacter jejuni flagellar motor revealed different mechanisms of assembly, activation and stability from the simple ‘classical’ flagellar model. Some of the additional motor structures in C. jejuni are conserved and only found in species of Campylobacterota, whose ancestor likely co-opted type IV pilus components from bacteria in the deep ocean.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 02 February 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-026-02263-0Previous malaria exposure weakens whole-parasite malaria vaccines by leaving haemozoin, which impairs T cell activation. An mRNA vaccine bypasses this block, restores protective T cells and improves protection when combined with whole-sporozoite vaccination.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 27 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-025-02213-2Soil microbial populations bloom and then die-off in ecosystems with seasonal snowpack. This study showed that distinct taxa utilize different N sources for growth or energy during the microbial bloom and alter the fate of N after snowmelt.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 27 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-025-02238-7Analysis of Babesia divergens egress from host cells reveals druggable targets and identifies compounds for potential babesiosis treatment.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 27 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-025-02257-4Reduced GC-related content in the influenza A virus genome may be a necessary condition for sustained mammalian transmission and should be included in risk assessment tools for pandemic influenza.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 26 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-025-02241-yLarge-scale computational and in vitro analyses identify commensal type III secretion systems and substrates in the human gut microbiome that can interact with human proteins to modulate immune pathways.

Nature Microbiology, Published online: 30 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-025-02258-3Using a non-human primate model, the authors identified the tissue sites of initial viral rebound after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy, demonstrating that such rebound preferentially occurs in the gastrointestinal tract-associated lymphoid tissues.