For some of the COVID-19 vaccines, the drug substances released to market were manufactured differently than those used in clinical trials. Manufacturing nucleoside-modified mRNA (modRNA) for comme...

There have been at least 1,309 confirmed cases of measles in the U.S. this year. Hundreds or thousands of other families have most likely had their lives upended after being exposed.

The death of a New Mexico adult comes eight days after a 6-year-old child succumbed to the disease in Texas last week.

COVID-19 vaccines have prevented millions of COVID-19 deaths. Yet, a small fraction of the population reports a chronic debilitating condition after COVID-19 vaccination, often referred to as post-vaccination syndrome (PVS). To explore potential pathobiological features associated with PVS, we conducted a decentralized, cross-sectional study involving 42 PVS participants and 22 healthy controls enrolled in the Yale LISTEN study. Compared with controls, PVS participants exhibited differences in immune profiles, including reduced circulating memory and effector CD4 T cells (type 1 and type 2) and an increase in TNFα+ CD8 T cells. PVS participants also had lower anti-spike antibody titers, primarily due to fewer vaccine doses. Serological evidence of recent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation was observed more frequently in PVS participants. Further, individuals with PVS exhibited elevated levels of circulating spike protein compared to healthy controls. These findings reveal potential immune differences in individuals with PVS that merit further investigation to better understand this condition and inform future research into diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. ### Competing Interest Statement In the past three years, H.M.K. received expenses and/or personal fees from United Health, Element Science, Eyedentifeye and F-Prime; he is a co-founder of Refactor Health, HugoHealth and MedRxiv; and is associated with contracts, through Yale New Haven Hospital, from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and through Yale University from the Food and Drug Administration, Johnson & Johnson, Google and Pfizer. A.I. co-founded and consults for RIGImmune, Xanadu Bio and PanV and is a member of the Board of Directors of Roche Holding and Genentech. ### Funding Statement This study was funded in part by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute Collaborative COVID-19 Initiative. ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: This study was approved by the Yale University Institutional Review Board on April 1, 2022 (HIC# 2000032207). Informed consent was provided by participants electronically. Each participant was assigned a unique identifier as part of the de-identification protocol managed by the study coordinator. These identifiers were kept confidential and were not accessible to anyone outside the research team. A subset of the MY-LC cohort approved by the Mount Sinai Program for the Protection of Human Subjects (#20-01758) were included for validation of one of the assays. I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable. Yes The flow data repository ID is FR-FCM-Z8FZ for all the raw .fcs files generated for flow cytometry analyses at the Flow Repository platform. Custom codes used for computational analyses will be made available by authors upon reasonable request.

The NGO Doctors for America argued that HHS, CDC and FDA violated federal law in removing medical information from public-facing websites.

Type I interferons (IFNs) are critical in the host defence against viruses. They induce hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) many of which have an antiviral role. Poxviruses induce IFNs via ...

Roughly 6,000 readers answered our poll, with many declaring that Bluesky was nicer, kinder and less antagonistic to science than X.

In addition to the conventional symptoms reported for COVID-19, it is becoming increasingly clear that patients with long COVID are exhibiting new symptoms due to the emergence of autoantibodies again...