A nanocrystalline Fe–1.8%Cr steel powder is proposed as a reference material for testing different powder diffraction instruments and configurations, as well as different data-analysis methodologies.

Synopsis. Social media has become widely used by the scientific community for a variety of professional uses, including networking and public outreach. For

Hydrogen sorption and desorption in natural rocks are increasingly referenced across subsurface energy and environmental applications, including underground hydrogen storage, natural hydrogen exploration, geological hydrogen generation, and radioactive waste containment. However, the extent to which these physical interactions influence hydrogen behavior in geological materials remains poorly understood. This review examines current experimental and theoretical studies (atomistic simulation and isotherm modeling) of hydrogen sorption and desorption in natural rocks. We evaluated reported sorption capacities and their variability across different lithologies alongside the influencing parameters and the occurrence of hysteresis. Additionally, we modeled all available data using multiple isotherm models to identify the best-fitting formulations. By synthesizing results across diverse methods and geological settings, we identify where physical sorption–desorption is likely to matter, where it is negligible, and what this means for understanding hydrogen transport and retention in the subsurface. Additionally, we provided practical implications of adsorption–desorption, identified critical data gaps, and proposed future research directions to advance the understanding of hydrogen behavior in geological formations.

We describe the Wombat neutron diffraction instrument, which has been operational for the past 17 years at the Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering.

In‑depth analysis of liquid hydrogen carriers versus ammonia: Kawasaki’s 40,000 m³ LH2 vessel, Japan’s 3M tonne import target, and detailed TCO comparison showing when LH2 beats ammonia on delivered h...