This work demonstrates a substantial progress of using swimming microrobots to perform precise tasks with sophisticated functions. This magnetic-field-guided bubble microthruster technique presents a promising chip-free, real-time, highly maneuverable strategy that integrates bubble microrobot-based manipulation with precise bioparticle mass and density detection with sub-nanogram resolution. This technique can facilitate microscale bioparticle characterizations such as embryo growth monitoring. Abstract Artificial micro/nanomotors using active particles hold vast potential in applications such as drug delivery and microfabrication. However, upgrading them to micro/nanorobots capable of performing precise tasks with sophisticated functions remains challenging. Bubble microthruster (BMT) is introduced, a variation of the bubble-driven microrobot, which focuses the energy from a collapsing microbubble to create an inertial impact on nearby target microparticles. Utilizing ultra-high-speed imaging, the microparticle mass and density is determined with sub-nanogram resolution based on the relaxation time characterizing the microparticle's transient response. Master curves of the BMT method are shown to be dependent on the viscosity of the solution. The BMT, controlled by a gamepad with magnetic-field guidance, precisely manipulates target microparticles, including bioparticles. Validation involves measuring the polystyrene microparticle mass and hollow glass microsphere density, and assessing the mouse embryo mass densities. The BMT technique presents a promising chip-free, real-time, highly maneuverable strategy that integrates bubble microrobot-based manipulation with precise bioparticle mass and density detection, which can facilitate microscale bioparticle characterizations such as embryo growth monitoring.

In this work we describe a low loss fractionation system comprised of a reconfigured Evosep One LC s

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Widely used direct solids analysis mass spectrometry techniques, such as laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS), glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), are capable of achieving detection limits in ng/g level. However, each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. Laser ablation and ionization mass spectrometry (LAIMS) is a relatively new and powerful technique in direct solids analysis. To enhance its detection limits, we integrated a femtosecond laser and an ion counting system into LAIMS. Both conductive and nonconductive samples were analyzed in this study. The high-frequency femtosecond laser promotes atomization and ionization efficiency, and significantly reduces analysis time. The instrument combines data from time-to-digital converter (TDC) and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) modes, effectively expanding the dynamic range to 9 orders of magnitude with detection limits in ng/g level. The sum of all the spectral interference signals only accounts for 1 × 10–5 of the total ion current. These advancements underscore the potential of LAIMS as a versatile tool for direct solids analysis, positioning it as a competitive alternative to LA-ICPMS, GDMS, and SIMS.

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