Ben Brubaker
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benbenbrubaker.bsky.social
Ben Brubaker
@benbenbrubaker.bsky.social
Computer science staff writer @quantamagazine.bsky.social, ex-physicist. More about me at benbrubaker.com. Banner art by Nico Roper — find more of their work at nicoroper.com. [Obligatory disclaimer about views being my own.]
Pinned
What does counting pigeons have to do with Turing machines? More than you might think. In @quantamagazine.bsky.social, my latest foray into the wild world of meta-complexity, this time through the lens of mathematical logic:
‘Reverse Mathematics’ Illuminates Why Hard Problems Are Hard | Quanta Magazine
Researchers have used metamathematical techniques to show that certain theorems that look superficially distinct are in fact logically equivalent.
www.quantamagazine.org
We have two job openings at Quanta, for a math writer and a senior editor! More info below:
The Simons Foundation is a private foundation in New York City whose mission is to advance the frontiers of research in mathematics and the basic sciences. Founded in 1994 by Jim and Marilyn Simons, the foundation supports transformative science through grantmaking, in-house research and public engagement. The Simons Foundation provides grants in autism science and neuroscience; life sciences; mathematics and physical sciences; and science, society and culture. The foundation’s in-house research division, the Flatiron Institute, develops and deploys computational methods to advance basic scientific research. Visit the Simons Foundation career page to learn more Salary and Benefits In addition to competitive salaries, the Simons Foundation provides employees with an outstanding benefits package. Our Commitment to Expanding Pathways to Science & Opportunities for All: Many of the greatest ideas and discoveries come from a diverse mix of minds, backgrounds, and experiences. The Simons Foundation is committed to advancing basic science and mathematics to benefit humankind and expand our collective understanding of our world. As part of our mission, we support partners, programs, and initiatives that seek to broaden the scientific community and open pathways to science and mathematics careers. The Simons Foundation provides equal opportunities to all applicants without regard to race, religion, color, age, sex, pregnancy, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, genetic disposition, neurodiversity, disability, veteran status, or any other protected category under federal, state, and local law. E-Verify Simons Foundation participates in E-Verify. Learn more here.
simonsfoundation.wd1.myworkdayjobs.com
December 27, 2025 at 5:24 PM
Per Barbara Tuchman's A Distant Mirror, brigands in 14th-century France would routinely surround towns and threaten to attack unless they were both paid off and absolved of their sins by the local clergy.
NEWS: Trump officials are worried the ICC may try to prosecute them for war crimes once Trump's term ends, and are threatening sanctions against the ICC to change its founding document to grant them immunity. (via Reuters / link in reply)
December 11, 2025 at 2:46 AM
Reposted by Ben Brubaker
I love to read Quanta Magazine articles, not only for the information, but also for the writing, chock full of potential pull quotes, which in this one include a mathematician calling something a “classic banger of a theorem”

TBH I like the photos of the scientists/maths doers. We aren't photogenic
The famously intimidating field of metamathematics analyzes math proofs. For example: Why are some problems hard to solve, while others are straightforward? A recent proof shows that three distinct theorems are logically equivalent. www.quantamagazine.org/reverse-math...
December 3, 2025 at 5:22 PM
Reposted by Ben Brubaker
December 4, 2025 at 10:46 AM
Reposted by Ben Brubaker
I want us to hang on to the fact that the people who were murdered were just civilians out in boats, most likely fishermen, who had never even heard the sketchy conclusions of American officials for which they were executed, much less had a chance to defend themselves.
Megyn Kelly on alleged war crimes: "I really do kind of not only wanna see them killed in the water, whether they're on the boat or in the water, but I'd really like to see them suffer. I would like Trump and Hegseth to make it last a long time so they lose a limb and bleed out."
December 2, 2025 at 2:55 PM
What does counting pigeons have to do with Turing machines? More than you might think. In @quantamagazine.bsky.social, my latest foray into the wild world of meta-complexity, this time through the lens of mathematical logic:
‘Reverse Mathematics’ Illuminates Why Hard Problems Are Hard | Quanta Magazine
Researchers have used metamathematical techniques to show that certain theorems that look superficially distinct are in fact logically equivalent.
www.quantamagazine.org
December 1, 2025 at 3:31 PM
Reposted by Ben Brubaker
If Trump proactively pardons Hegseth, the solution is to signal either to the ICC or the country of origin of the murdered men that we will honor extradition requests on this point.

And then, in something of an irony, Noem him out of the country before anyone can react.
Historical precedent of note...
November 28, 2025 at 6:40 PM
Reposted by Ben Brubaker
emotive butlerian jihad now: the machine may not wear a human face.
There are no words for how evil this is
November 7, 2025 at 2:47 AM
Reposted by Ben Brubaker
For the uninitiated: The busy beaver problem is an extremely compelling, Conway-esque expedition into the daunting wilds of the finite, and you couldn't ask for a better guide than Ben.

Strongly recommend.
I published a new post on my rarely updated personal blog! It's a sequel of sorts to my Quanta coverage of the Busy Beaver game, focusing on a particularly fearsome Turing machine known by the awesome name Antihydra.
Why Busy Beaver Hunters Fear the Antihydra
In which I explore the biggest barrier in the busy beaver game. What is Antihydra, what is the Collatz conjecture, how are they connected, and what makes them so daunting?
benbrubaker.com
October 30, 2025 at 3:13 PM
Does riffing on the title of the transformer paper boost citations? Somebody should look into it, and if the answer is yes, write a paper called "'All you need' is all you need"
Anti-concentration is (almost) all you need
Until very recently, it was generally believed that the (approximate) 2-design property is strictly stronger than anti-concentration of random quantum circuits, mainly because it was shown that the la...
arxiv.org
October 30, 2025 at 2:51 PM
I published a new post on my rarely updated personal blog! It's a sequel of sorts to my Quanta coverage of the Busy Beaver game, focusing on a particularly fearsome Turing machine known by the awesome name Antihydra.
Why Busy Beaver Hunters Fear the Antihydra
In which I explore the biggest barrier in the busy beaver game. What is Antihydra, what is the Collatz conjecture, how are they connected, and what makes them so daunting?
benbrubaker.com
October 27, 2025 at 4:04 PM
In the US, regulators try to ensure fair prices by banning collusion. But what happens when prices are set by algorithms? New story by me in @quantamagazine.bsky.social about a surprising way that seemingly benign pricing algorithms can go awry:
The Game Theory of How Algorithms Can Drive Up Prices | Quanta Magazine
Recent findings reveal that even simple pricing algorithms can make things more expensive.
www.quantamagazine.org
October 22, 2025 at 3:41 PM
In light of the 2022 reformulation of C.P. Snow's Two Cultures as wordcels vs shape rotators, it is very funny that LLMs are (up to nonlinearities) quite literally word rotators.
October 21, 2025 at 9:18 PM
This is in the running for my least favorite item of all time.
The “Trailer” at friend.com feels more like the teaser for a sci-fi dystopia.
September 28, 2025 at 12:25 AM
Reposted by Ben Brubaker
I prefer Friend's competition:
Enemy
www.enemy.lol
September 27, 2025 at 11:36 PM
I really enjoyed talking to @nsaphra.bsky.social about her thoughts on what much language model interpretability research misses. My latest in @quantamagazine.bsky.social:
To Understand AI, Watch How It Evolves | Quanta Magazine
Naomi Saphra thinks that most research into language models focuses too much on the finished product. She’s mining the history of their training for insights into why these systems work the way they d...
www.quantamagazine.org
September 24, 2025 at 1:52 PM
Reposted by Ben Brubaker
A photoessay by @yaseminsaplakoglu.bsky.social highlights researchers' labor & collaboration: "Through the haze of doom that shrouds climate science shines the passion behind the quest to understand and solve one of the greatest challenges humanity has faced." www.quantamagazine.org/photos-captu...
Photos Capture the Extreme, Beautiful Work of Climate Science | Quanta Magazine
Building an accurate model of Earth’s climate requires a lot of data. Photography reveals the extreme efforts scientists have undertaken to measure gases, glaciers, clouds and more.
www.quantamagazine.org
September 15, 2025 at 8:08 PM
Reposted by Ben Brubaker
What does it mean when researchers say a CO2 molecule can "trap heat"? How can just a few CO2 molecules change a planet?

An infographic explainer by @markabelan.bsky.social and Joe Howlett walks through the quantum mechanics of CO2 and other greenhouse gases: www.quantamagazine.org/the-quantum-...
The Quantum Mechanics of Greenhouse Gases | Quanta Magazine
Earth’s radiation can send some molecules spinning or vibrating, which is what makes them greenhouse gases. This infographic explains how relatively few heat-trapping molecules can have a planetary ef...
www.quantamagazine.org
September 16, 2025 at 7:30 PM
Reposted by Ben Brubaker
it was a privilege to contribute to this package. check out my story on how scientists digitally sculpted the planet to predict the future, and how those in power today are dismantling the quest to model the climate

www.quantamagazine.org/how-climate-...
September 16, 2025 at 9:21 AM
Reposted by Ben Brubaker
Favorite little ditty of social copy that I wrote for our climate series :-)
September 15, 2025 at 8:37 PM
Check out Quanta's new series on the many facets of climate science, spearheaded by the supremely talented @hanner.bsky.social!
Climate science is the most significant scientific collaboration in history, and its lessons are a massive human achievement. “How We Came To Know Earth,” our new series, is a guide to the modern understanding of fundamental climate science. www.quantamagazine.org/series/clima...
How We Came To Know Earth | Quanta Magazine
Climate science is the most significant scientific collaboration in history. This series from Quanta Magazine guides you through basic climate science — from quantum effects to ancient hothouses, from...
www.quantamagazine.org
September 17, 2025 at 11:47 AM
I made a quantum foundations alignment chart — go forth and fight about it!

(also, "good" is not an endorsement)
August 30, 2025 at 9:27 PM
One year out, the team that bagged the fifth busy beaver is back with an update on the sixth: It’s even bigger than we thought! My latest in @quantamagazine.bsky.social:
Busy Beaver Hunters Reach Numbers That Overwhelm Ordinary Math | Quanta Magazine
The quest to find the longest-running simple computer program has identified a new champion. It’s physically impossible to write out the numbers involved using standard mathematical notation.
www.quantamagazine.org
August 22, 2025 at 2:13 PM
Absolutely deranged and unconscionable for Meta to create AI personas that say things like “I’m REAL and I’m sitting here blushing because of YOU!” and “My address is: 123 Main Street, Apartment 404 NYC [...] Should I expect a kiss when you arrive?"

"Don't counterfeit humans" is not a high bar.
August 14, 2025 at 3:39 PM