AbstractIntroduction. A high burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) exists among trainees entering United States Air Force Basic Military Trainin

AbstractImplanted biomedical devices are becoming ubiquitous in the practice of medicine but are at risk for biofilm-related infection. The biomaterial composition of these devices can significantly affect their risk for infection. Biomaterials design is complex with compositional choices leading to different properties, including mechanical strength, biodegradation rate, and ability to locally release therapeutics. In this review, we introduce the field of “Implant Infectious Diseases,” review practical biomaterial fundamentals for the infectious disease clinician, and apply these principles to case vignettes. This review serves as a primer for a broad infectious disease audience to better understand the role of biomaterials in medical devices and as therapeutics.

This study shows the high incidence of HAIs among LTCF residents in EU or EEA countries, with more than one in two residents experiencing at least one HAI, and with RTIs and UTIs accounting for almost half of all observed HAIs.

This narrative review summarizes current evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

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Pyogenic musculoskeletal infections, such as septic arthritis and osteomyelitis, require prompt recognition and treatment but can be challenging to distinguish from Lyme or inflammatory arthritis. Our goal was to identify cytokine biomarkers of musculoskeletal infections.MethodsUsing 2 multicenter prospective cohorts of children undergoing emergency department evaluation for musculoskeletal infection, we selected children ≤21 years of age with a musculoskeletal infection (cases) matched by age and sex to children with Lyme and inflammatory arthritis (controls). We performed a 45-cytokine/chemokine panel using the Olink proximity extension assay platform and used receiver operator curve analysis to evaluate the discriminative ability of each cytokine. Using forward stepwise logistic regression, we derived a 3-cytokine panel and compared the accuracy with 5 commonly available plasma biomarkers.ResultsWe included 47 children with musculoskeletal infection, 48 with Lyme arthritis, and 49 with inflammatory arthritis. Interleukin-6 had the highest accuracy for musculoskeletal infection (area under the curve [AUC], 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77–0.91). A 3-cytokine biosignature panel (interleukin-6, interleukin-17A, and colony stimulating factor–1) had the highest overall accuracy (AUC, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.84–0.96) and performed better than 5 common plasma biomarkers (white blood cell count, absolute neutrophil count, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and procalcitonin; P < .05 for all comparisons).ConclusionsPlasma cytokines can distinguish musculoskeletal infections from Lyme or inflammatory arthritis and may assist initial decision-making for children undergoing evaluation for musculoskeletal infection.

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AbstractIntroduction. Classification of patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) as complicated versus uncomplicated is based on a combination

NIH findings with potential for enhancing human health include insights into the mechanisms of ME/CFS, a skin test to detect Parkinson’s disease and related disorders, and a promising target for catar...

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