The protective, long-lived T cells can persist for decades after a woman gives birth.

PDF | Background Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed for pain relief in osteoarthritis (OA), and their... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on Research...

Background Subacromial impingement syndrome is a common problem in primary healthcare. It often include tendinopathy. While exercise therapy is effective for this condition, it is not clear which type...

High-impact chronic pain (HICP) affects 8% of individuals worldwide. Beyond its direct consequences, HICP increases the risk of long-term sickness absence (LTSA), leading to income loss and increased ...

NCT05587270.

Background Popularity of rock climbing is steadily increasing. With its inclusion in the Olympic Games this will likely continue. Injuries from rock climbing are also increasing. The most common injury is to the flexor pulley system, consisting of the finger flexors and five annular ligaments (pulleys). Treatment of this injury includes taping of affected fingers, but evaluation of this treatment was previously lacking. The aim of this review was therefore to assess whether taping is associated with better outcomes than non-taping. A secondary aim was to present treatment recommendations or areas for future research. Methods Systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library, PEDro and CINAHL. Free text searches of Google Scholar. Citation searching. No restrictions to language, date of publication or study design. Included studies were assessed using Cochrane scale for clinical relevance, by two independent authors. Results were presented in narrative synthesis. Certainty of evidence (GRADE) was assessed by three authors. Review was done according to PICO-protocol and reported according to PRISMA-guidelines. Results After removing duplicates, 595 records were identified. Eight studies and one case report (in nine articles, one poster) were included, consisting of 206 rock climbers, four non-climbers, 23 pairs of cadaver hands. Clinical relevance ranged from 0 to 5 (median 2). Evidence of low to moderate certainty suggests that taping might reduce bowstringing of the finger flexor tendons by 15–22%. Evidence regarding pain, time for return to sports, shearing forces against pulleys, pulley ruptures and maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) were all regarded as “very low”, “very low to low” or “low”, and were not considered reliable. Evidence of moderate certainty suggests that taping has no effect on MVC or muscle activation in uninjured rock climbers. No adverse effects of taping were reported. Conclusion Low to moderate evidence suggests that taping might reduce bowstringing of the finger flexor tendons. Moderate evidence suggests that taping has no effect on MVC or muscle activation in uninjured climbers. For other outcomes more studies evaluating the effects of taping are needed. Trial registration: PROSPERO CRD42021241271, date of registration: 18-04-2021.

Papers from research teams with a substantial number of beginners are highly disruptive and innovative, study shows.

Several population-based studies suggest that dietary creatine may benefit depression and cognitive function, but no research has examined overall mental health in a non-U.S. population or included...

Introduction Depression is one of the most prevalent disorders worldwide. In addition to psychotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy and antidepressants, exercise therapy is frequently recommended, with emerging evidence highlighting the unique characteristics of rock climbing, including its potential to promote mindfulness, making it a promising therapy. This review aimed to assess whether rock climbing reduces symptoms of depression, the magnitude of effect, and whether effects are sustained long-term. Methods Systematic review conducted according to PICO framework and reported according to PRISMA-statement. Eligible studies were controlled trials assessing indoor rock climbing versus any comparator, including adults with moderate depression, with symptoms reduction on validated depression scales as outcome. Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (inception to January 2025), with no language or publication date restrictions. Screening (via Rayyan), data extraction, and methodological quality assessment (using PEDro scale) were performed independently and in duplicate. Clinical relevance was assessed using minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Due to heterogeneity of interventions and comparators, findings were narratively synthesized. Certainty of evidence was rated using GRADE. Results Out of 1,832 identified records, seven studies (reported in 10 articles) including 471 participants, met PICO-criteria. Included studies were conducted between 2015 and 2023, in Germany/Austria. Methodological quality was generally good (median PEDro score 6/10). Indoor bouldering (combined with mindfulness exercises) significantly reduced symptoms of depression from moderate to mild (e.g. -8.3 points on MADRS, exceeding MCID of 5 points), indicating a clinically meaningful improvement compared to no intervention (high certainty evidence). Longer duration interventions (8–10 weeks) were needed for effects to persist at 6–12 months (high certainty evidence). Four weeks of top-rope climbing also reduced symptoms of depression from moderate to mild, were sustained long-term, but did not exceed MCID (low certainty evidence). No adverse events were reported. Conclusions Indoor rock climbing, particularly bouldering (combined with mindfulness exercises), appears to be an effective, clinically meaningful, safe, and sustainable adjunctive intervention for adults with moderate depression. However, further high-quality trials are needed to isolate the effects of rock climbing from co-interventions and to compare it with established treatments such as antidepressants and aerobic exercise. Trial registration PROSPERO: CRD42024468119, date of registration: 24-01-2024.

Nature - Scientists used AI to write coherent viral genomes, using them to synthesize bacteriophages capable of killing resistant strains of bacteria.

Nature - Preprint examines how citations can influence the review process.

This JAMA Internal Medicine Patient Page describes how glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists work and what behaviors to adopt while using them.

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States introduce chemtrail-coded legislation as conspiracy theories take root in some US chambers

The compound betaine, which becomes more abundant in men who take up jogging, could confer some of the anti-ageing advtanages of physical activity.

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