Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
@yarbatman.bsky.social
I invest in developing economies and study how sanctions are reshaping West Asia and the world. CEO of the Bourse & Bazaar Foundation. Adjunct Prof at Johns Hopkins SAIS.
Reposted by Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
This is by far the most thoughtful discussion about the failed diplomacy around Iran’s nuclear program. Reflective and careful, unlike so much of the hot air, vibes, and guess work we are offered. Thanks @yarbatman.bsky.social
Why Sanctions on Iran 'Snapped Back'
Podcast Episode · The Sanctions Age · S2, E10 Bonus · 1h 15m
podcasts.apple.com
October 9, 2025 at 3:30 PM
This is by far the most thoughtful discussion about the failed diplomacy around Iran’s nuclear program. Reflective and careful, unlike so much of the hot air, vibes, and guess work we are offered. Thanks @yarbatman.bsky.social
Reposted by Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
Bonus - The Death of the Iran Deal w/
@yarbatman.bsky.social
Esfandyar Batmanghelidj is back on the show with Derek to break down how the Iran nuclear deal broke down, and where things go from here.
Link below ⤵️
@yarbatman.bsky.social
Esfandyar Batmanghelidj is back on the show with Derek to break down how the Iran nuclear deal broke down, and where things go from here.
Link below ⤵️
October 5, 2025 at 1:15 PM
Bonus - The Death of the Iran Deal w/
@yarbatman.bsky.social
Esfandyar Batmanghelidj is back on the show with Derek to break down how the Iran nuclear deal broke down, and where things go from here.
Link below ⤵️
@yarbatman.bsky.social
Esfandyar Batmanghelidj is back on the show with Derek to break down how the Iran nuclear deal broke down, and where things go from here.
Link below ⤵️
Reposted by Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
'[Iran] was moving in a better direction, pushed and pulled by 90 million souls yearning for greater security, prosperity and liberty ... Israel’s attacks demonstrate a contempt not just for life, but also a contempt for the agency and aspirations of the Iranian people.' - @yarbatman.bsky.social
The Iranian people were starting to win their battle for liberty and prosperity. Then Israel attacked | Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
Something was shifting in Iran, but now missiles and the return of foreign interference may tear up the green shoots of progress, says Esfandyar Batmanghelidj, founder of the Bourse & Bazaar Foundatio...
www.theguardian.com
June 17, 2025 at 12:37 PM
'[Iran] was moving in a better direction, pushed and pulled by 90 million souls yearning for greater security, prosperity and liberty ... Israel’s attacks demonstrate a contempt not just for life, but also a contempt for the agency and aspirations of the Iranian people.' - @yarbatman.bsky.social
Reposted by Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
The Iranian people were starting to win their battle for liberty and prosperity. Then Israel attacked.
@yarbatman.bsky.social
www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
@yarbatman.bsky.social
www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
The Iranian people were starting to win their battle for liberty and prosperity. Then Israel attacked | Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
Something was shifting in Iran, but now missiles and the return of foreign interference may tear up the green shoots of progress, says Esfandyar Batmanghelidj, founder of the Bourse & Bazaar Foundatio...
www.theguardian.com
June 17, 2025 at 3:58 PM
The Iranian people were starting to win their battle for liberty and prosperity. Then Israel attacked.
@yarbatman.bsky.social
www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
@yarbatman.bsky.social
www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
Reposted by Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
"Israel’s attacks demonstrate a contempt not just for life, but also a contempt for the agency and aspirations of the Iranian people. They did not want this war and they were pushing their leaders to avoid it."
Important read from my friend @yarbatman.bsky.social www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
Important read from my friend @yarbatman.bsky.social www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
The Iranian people were starting to win their battle for liberty and prosperity. Then Israel attacked | Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
Something was shifting in Iran, but now missiles and the return of foreign interference may tear up the green shoots of progress, says Esfandyar Batmanghelidj, founder of the Bourse & Bazaar Foundatio...
www.theguardian.com
June 17, 2025 at 6:29 PM
"Israel’s attacks demonstrate a contempt not just for life, but also a contempt for the agency and aspirations of the Iranian people. They did not want this war and they were pushing their leaders to avoid it."
Important read from my friend @yarbatman.bsky.social www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
Important read from my friend @yarbatman.bsky.social www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
Reposted by Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
It’s neither far fetched nor conspiratorial to consider that ultimately, *this* is the underlying reason Netanyahu chose to strike now:
The Iranian people were starting to win their battle for liberty and prosperity. Then Israel attacked. @yarbatman.bsky.social
www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
The Iranian people were starting to win their battle for liberty and prosperity. Then Israel attacked. @yarbatman.bsky.social
www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
The Iranian people were starting to win their battle for liberty and prosperity. Then Israel attacked | Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
Something was shifting in Iran, but now missiles and the return of foreign interference may tear up the green shoots of progress, says Esfandyar Batmanghelidj, founder of the Bourse & Bazaar Foundatio...
www.theguardian.com
June 17, 2025 at 7:36 PM
It’s neither far fetched nor conspiratorial to consider that ultimately, *this* is the underlying reason Netanyahu chose to strike now:
The Iranian people were starting to win their battle for liberty and prosperity. Then Israel attacked. @yarbatman.bsky.social
www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
The Iranian people were starting to win their battle for liberty and prosperity. Then Israel attacked. @yarbatman.bsky.social
www.theguardian.com/commentisfre...
This is a great piece from @veenaa.bsky.social on the prospects for civil nuclear cooperation between the US and Iran. For a new US-Iran deal to be transformative, it will require the two sides to find areas for deep technical cooperation, like nuclear energy.
foreignpolicy.com/2025/05/22/i...
foreignpolicy.com/2025/05/22/i...
Could Iranian Nukes Be a Business Opportunity for the U.S.?
The Iranian foreign minister dangles U.S. investment in reactors as a win-win.
foreignpolicy.com
May 26, 2025 at 8:39 AM
This is a great piece from @veenaa.bsky.social on the prospects for civil nuclear cooperation between the US and Iran. For a new US-Iran deal to be transformative, it will require the two sides to find areas for deep technical cooperation, like nuclear energy.
foreignpolicy.com/2025/05/22/i...
foreignpolicy.com/2025/05/22/i...
Spoke to @sgreports.bsky.social about why Iran’s leaders are pursuing nuclear talks even if they believe they can “resist” Trump’s maximum pressure.
It’s the pace of development that matters. Under sanctions, Iran is being left behind by its regional peers.
www.washingtonpost.com/world/2025/0...
It’s the pace of development that matters. Under sanctions, Iran is being left behind by its regional peers.
www.washingtonpost.com/world/2025/0...
On streets of Tehran, Iranians describe daily struggles and cautious hopes
Washington Post interviews with people across Tehran offered a rare window into the lives and economic frustrations of the country’s urban middle class.
www.washingtonpost.com
May 25, 2025 at 11:05 PM
Spoke to @sgreports.bsky.social about why Iran’s leaders are pursuing nuclear talks even if they believe they can “resist” Trump’s maximum pressure.
It’s the pace of development that matters. Under sanctions, Iran is being left behind by its regional peers.
www.washingtonpost.com/world/2025/0...
It’s the pace of development that matters. Under sanctions, Iran is being left behind by its regional peers.
www.washingtonpost.com/world/2025/0...
The Trump administration has issued GL 25, effectively lifting sanctions on Syria in a single executive action.
This is an extraordinary move. USG has historically approached sanctions relief with complicated, incremental methods.
This one big step could make a big difference.
This is an extraordinary move. USG has historically approached sanctions relief with complicated, incremental methods.
This one big step could make a big difference.
May 24, 2025 at 8:06 AM
The Trump administration has issued GL 25, effectively lifting sanctions on Syria in a single executive action.
This is an extraordinary move. USG has historically approached sanctions relief with complicated, incremental methods.
This one big step could make a big difference.
This is an extraordinary move. USG has historically approached sanctions relief with complicated, incremental methods.
This one big step could make a big difference.
Reposted by Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
Many thanks to @boursebazaar.bsky.social ( @yarbatman.bsky.social and Henna Moussavi) for publishing!
As USAID pulls back from Central Asia, some regional leaders are welcoming the change.
In her latest for the Bourse and Bazaar blog, Anna Jordanova unpacks why this could be a turning point for local governance and diplomacy.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
#CentralAsia #development #aid
In her latest for the Bourse and Bazaar blog, Anna Jordanova unpacks why this could be a turning point for local governance and diplomacy.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
#CentralAsia #development #aid
Central Asian Leaders See Silver Lining in USAID's Demises — Bourse & Bazaar Foundation
When US President Donald Trump announced the reorganisation of American foreign aid back in January, Central Asian leaders saw both an opportunity and a challenge.
www.bourseandbazaar.org
May 21, 2025 at 7:32 AM
Many thanks to @boursebazaar.bsky.social ( @yarbatman.bsky.social and Henna Moussavi) for publishing!
Trump’s promise to lift sanctions gave Syrians hope for relief in a dire economy. But lifting sanctions is just the first step towards rebuilding Syria. As Nancy Ezzeddine writes, policymakers must see sanctions relief as “an entry point, not an end point.”
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
Sanctions Relief Won't Suffice for Syria’s Teetering Economy — Bourse & Bazaar Foundation
To rebuild Syria’s broken economy, Western policymakers must treat the moment of sanctions relief as an entry point, not an endpoint.
www.bourseandbazaar.org
May 23, 2025 at 10:59 AM
Trump’s promise to lift sanctions gave Syrians hope for relief in a dire economy. But lifting sanctions is just the first step towards rebuilding Syria. As Nancy Ezzeddine writes, policymakers must see sanctions relief as “an entry point, not an end point.”
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
Bill Luers was a fundamentally optimistic diplomat and I admired him for it.
He once told me that optimism is what kept him in his profession "for so many decades." It is also what drove his remarkable work on US-Iran relations.
He will be missed.
www.nytimes.com/2025/05/11/u...
He once told me that optimism is what kept him in his profession "for so many decades." It is also what drove his remarkable work on US-Iran relations.
He will be missed.
www.nytimes.com/2025/05/11/u...
William H. Luers, Diplomat Who Backed Czech Dissident Leader, Dies at 95
www.nytimes.com
May 11, 2025 at 10:03 PM
Bill Luers was a fundamentally optimistic diplomat and I admired him for it.
He once told me that optimism is what kept him in his profession "for so many decades." It is also what drove his remarkable work on US-Iran relations.
He will be missed.
www.nytimes.com/2025/05/11/u...
He once told me that optimism is what kept him in his profession "for so many decades." It is also what drove his remarkable work on US-Iran relations.
He will be missed.
www.nytimes.com/2025/05/11/u...
As the Taliban tries to attract foreign investment, it's pitching Afghanistan as a regional transit hub.
In this analysis for @boursebazaar.bsky.social, Nargiza Umarova looks at the range of road and rail projects being pursued by Afghanistan's neighbors.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
In this analysis for @boursebazaar.bsky.social, Nargiza Umarova looks at the range of road and rail projects being pursued by Afghanistan's neighbors.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
Afghan Authorities Accelerate Push for Road and Rail Projects — Bourse & Bazaar Foundation
As the Taliban government pursues an assertive policy to enhance Afghanistan’s logistical infrastructure, interest in the country’s role as a southern transit hub is gaining momentum across West Asia.
www.bourseandbazaar.org
May 10, 2025 at 8:58 AM
As the Taliban tries to attract foreign investment, it's pitching Afghanistan as a regional transit hub.
In this analysis for @boursebazaar.bsky.social, Nargiza Umarova looks at the range of road and rail projects being pursued by Afghanistan's neighbors.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
In this analysis for @boursebazaar.bsky.social, Nargiza Umarova looks at the range of road and rail projects being pursued by Afghanistan's neighbors.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
My thoughts on how the US and Iran can make deeper economic relations a cornerstone of a new nuclear deal.
Iran presents a unique opportunity for Trump. It is a major economy with which the US could run large and persistent trade surpluses.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
Iran presents a unique opportunity for Trump. It is a major economy with which the US could run large and persistent trade surpluses.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
How Trump Can Strike Gold for America in Iran — Bourse & Bazaar Foundation
Trump loves gold. If he remains pragmatic and focused when it comes to Iran, he could strike gold in several ways.
www.bourseandbazaar.org
April 20, 2025 at 4:23 AM
My thoughts on how the US and Iran can make deeper economic relations a cornerstone of a new nuclear deal.
Iran presents a unique opportunity for Trump. It is a major economy with which the US could run large and persistent trade surpluses.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
Iran presents a unique opportunity for Trump. It is a major economy with which the US could run large and persistent trade surpluses.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
Iran is a uniquely large and open market for American exporters—perhaps the last major economy in the world where the US could reasonably overtake China as an industrial partner.
My reflections on how a new nuclear deal can be a *business* deal for Trump:
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
My reflections on how a new nuclear deal can be a *business* deal for Trump:
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
How Trump Can Strike Gold for America in Iran — Bourse & Bazaar Foundation
Trump loves gold. If he remains pragmatic and focused when it comes to Iran, he could strike gold in several ways.
www.bourseandbazaar.org
April 19, 2025 at 6:03 PM
Iran is a uniquely large and open market for American exporters—perhaps the last major economy in the world where the US could reasonably overtake China as an industrial partner.
My reflections on how a new nuclear deal can be a *business* deal for Trump:
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
My reflections on how a new nuclear deal can be a *business* deal for Trump:
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
Iraq's Sudani met with Syria's al-Sharaa today.
The meeting marks the latest step as Iraq begins to adjust its Syria policy, cautiously extending a hand to the new leadership in Damascus.
Francesco Schiavi details the factors shaping Iraq's Syria policy.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
The meeting marks the latest step as Iraq begins to adjust its Syria policy, cautiously extending a hand to the new leadership in Damascus.
Francesco Schiavi details the factors shaping Iraq's Syria policy.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
Iraq Begins to Adjust to Syria’s Post-Assad Reality — Bourse & Bazaar Foundation
Iraqi leaders must assess if their new Syrian counterparts can be reliable partners and whether deeper political and economic cooperation can be pursued.
www.bourseandbazaar.org
April 18, 2025 at 6:10 PM
Iraq's Sudani met with Syria's al-Sharaa today.
The meeting marks the latest step as Iraq begins to adjust its Syria policy, cautiously extending a hand to the new leadership in Damascus.
Francesco Schiavi details the factors shaping Iraq's Syria policy.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
The meeting marks the latest step as Iraq begins to adjust its Syria policy, cautiously extending a hand to the new leadership in Damascus.
Francesco Schiavi details the factors shaping Iraq's Syria policy.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
On the @dropsitenews.com podcast with @mazmhussain.bsky.social about…
The president’s unchecked authority to start economic wars
The dangerous way US economic policy is now a subset of national security policy
The impact of Trump’s tariffs on de-dollarization
www.dropsitenews.com/p/trump-decl...
The president’s unchecked authority to start economic wars
The dangerous way US economic policy is now a subset of national security policy
The impact of Trump’s tariffs on de-dollarization
www.dropsitenews.com/p/trump-decl...
April 11, 2025 at 7:18 PM
On the @dropsitenews.com podcast with @mazmhussain.bsky.social about…
The president’s unchecked authority to start economic wars
The dangerous way US economic policy is now a subset of national security policy
The impact of Trump’s tariffs on de-dollarization
www.dropsitenews.com/p/trump-decl...
The president’s unchecked authority to start economic wars
The dangerous way US economic policy is now a subset of national security policy
The impact of Trump’s tariffs on de-dollarization
www.dropsitenews.com/p/trump-decl...
Last month, @boursebazaar.bsky.social convened Syrian civil society actors, sanctions experts, and European officials for an important workshop.
In this piece, my colleague Nancy Ezzeddine explains what was discussed and why Syria must remain a priority.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
In this piece, my colleague Nancy Ezzeddine explains what was discussed and why Syria must remain a priority.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
Prospects for Syrian Civil Society Remain Dim While Sanctions Linger — Bourse & Bazaar Foundation
Without tangible sanctions relief, Syrian civil society organisations will struggle to play a meaningful role in the country’s constitutional reform, local governance, or transitional justice efforts.
www.bourseandbazaar.org
April 10, 2025 at 8:51 PM
Last month, @boursebazaar.bsky.social convened Syrian civil society actors, sanctions experts, and European officials for an important workshop.
In this piece, my colleague Nancy Ezzeddine explains what was discussed and why Syria must remain a priority.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
In this piece, my colleague Nancy Ezzeddine explains what was discussed and why Syria must remain a priority.
www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
Spoke to @amirdaftari.bsky.social about the US-Iran talks.
I explained that Iran is looking at recent moves by the US administration, such as the critical minerals deal pushed on Ukraine, and recognizing that Trump wants a business deal, not just a nuclear deal.
www.newsweek.com/iran-leader-...
I explained that Iran is looking at recent moves by the US administration, such as the critical minerals deal pushed on Ukraine, and recognizing that Trump wants a business deal, not just a nuclear deal.
www.newsweek.com/iran-leader-...
Iran leader open to US investment in win for Trump
Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian says that American "investors are welcome to invest in our country."
www.newsweek.com
April 9, 2025 at 3:53 PM
Spoke to @amirdaftari.bsky.social about the US-Iran talks.
I explained that Iran is looking at recent moves by the US administration, such as the critical minerals deal pushed on Ukraine, and recognizing that Trump wants a business deal, not just a nuclear deal.
www.newsweek.com/iran-leader-...
I explained that Iran is looking at recent moves by the US administration, such as the critical minerals deal pushed on Ukraine, and recognizing that Trump wants a business deal, not just a nuclear deal.
www.newsweek.com/iran-leader-...
NEW SEASON: The Sanctions Age podcast is back!
I'll be speaking with amazing guests, including Eddie Fishman, Golnar Motevalli, Kyle Chan, Erich Ferrari, and Eva Dou.
Subscribe to the newsletter to make sure you don't miss the new episodes.
www.thesanctionsage.com/p/the-sancti...
I'll be speaking with amazing guests, including Eddie Fishman, Golnar Motevalli, Kyle Chan, Erich Ferrari, and Eva Dou.
Subscribe to the newsletter to make sure you don't miss the new episodes.
www.thesanctionsage.com/p/the-sancti...
April 9, 2025 at 11:47 AM
NEW SEASON: The Sanctions Age podcast is back!
I'll be speaking with amazing guests, including Eddie Fishman, Golnar Motevalli, Kyle Chan, Erich Ferrari, and Eva Dou.
Subscribe to the newsletter to make sure you don't miss the new episodes.
www.thesanctionsage.com/p/the-sancti...
I'll be speaking with amazing guests, including Eddie Fishman, Golnar Motevalli, Kyle Chan, Erich Ferrari, and Eva Dou.
Subscribe to the newsletter to make sure you don't miss the new episodes.
www.thesanctionsage.com/p/the-sancti...
When the Iranian FM describes Iran's economy as a "trillion-dollar opportunity" for US companies, he's cribbing from a 2016 McKinsey Global Institute report.
MGI concluded Iran had "the potential to add $1 trillion to GDP and create 9 million jobs by 2035."
www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/202...
MGI concluded Iran had "the potential to add $1 trillion to GDP and create 9 million jobs by 2035."
www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/202...
Opinion | Iran’s foreign minister: The ball is in America’s court
Iran is ready for indirect negotiations with the United States. A solution to the crisis is within reach.
www.washingtonpost.com
April 8, 2025 at 5:37 PM
When the Iranian FM describes Iran's economy as a "trillion-dollar opportunity" for US companies, he's cribbing from a 2016 McKinsey Global Institute report.
MGI concluded Iran had "the potential to add $1 trillion to GDP and create 9 million jobs by 2035."
www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/202...
MGI concluded Iran had "the potential to add $1 trillion to GDP and create 9 million jobs by 2035."
www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/202...
Until recently, everyone was concerned about the unrivaled US capacity to wage economic war, but a minority of countries were targeted.
Now Trump is waging economic war on everyone.
The global response to US economic coercion is no longer limited by a collective action problem.
Now Trump is waging economic war on everyone.
The global response to US economic coercion is no longer limited by a collective action problem.
April 4, 2025 at 10:18 PM
Until recently, everyone was concerned about the unrivaled US capacity to wage economic war, but a minority of countries were targeted.
Now Trump is waging economic war on everyone.
The global response to US economic coercion is no longer limited by a collective action problem.
Now Trump is waging economic war on everyone.
The global response to US economic coercion is no longer limited by a collective action problem.
In Q2 2015, just 21,000 electric or hybrid cars were sold in China. This was the equivalent of 0.4% of all cars sold that quarter.
In Q4 of last year, 4.5 million of these cars were sold, the equivalent of 46% of all automobile sales.
From 0% to 50% in just 10 years...
In Q4 of last year, 4.5 million of these cars were sold, the equivalent of 46% of all automobile sales.
From 0% to 50% in just 10 years...
April 3, 2025 at 9:59 PM
In Q2 2015, just 21,000 electric or hybrid cars were sold in China. This was the equivalent of 0.4% of all cars sold that quarter.
In Q4 of last year, 4.5 million of these cars were sold, the equivalent of 46% of all automobile sales.
From 0% to 50% in just 10 years...
In Q4 of last year, 4.5 million of these cars were sold, the equivalent of 46% of all automobile sales.
From 0% to 50% in just 10 years...
1. Why hasn't China made bigger strides to develop an alternative to the US-led global financial system?
We've been talking about "de-dollarization" for years and the RMB still accounts for a tiny fraction of global trade...
What if China isn't *really* trying to de-dollarize?
We've been talking about "de-dollarization" for years and the RMB still accounts for a tiny fraction of global trade...
What if China isn't *really* trying to de-dollarize?
April 1, 2025 at 10:14 PM
1. Why hasn't China made bigger strides to develop an alternative to the US-led global financial system?
We've been talking about "de-dollarization" for years and the RMB still accounts for a tiny fraction of global trade...
What if China isn't *really* trying to de-dollarize?
We've been talking about "de-dollarization" for years and the RMB still accounts for a tiny fraction of global trade...
What if China isn't *really* trying to de-dollarize?
Reposted by Esfandyar Batmanghelidj
To keep production going amid a currency crunch, Iranian automakers are trading pistachios for essential car parts.
@yarbatman.bsky.social explores this creative yet costly workaround for our blog.
Read more here: www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
#Iran #automotive #pistachios #economy
@yarbatman.bsky.social explores this creative yet costly workaround for our blog.
Read more here: www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
#Iran #automotive #pistachios #economy
To Avoid a Currency Crunch, Iranian Automakers Are Trading Nuts for Bolts — Bourse & Bazaar Foundation
The outlook for the Iranian automotive industry looked dire until Iranian automakers stumbled upon an unexpected solution.
www.bourseandbazaar.org
March 31, 2025 at 9:54 AM
To keep production going amid a currency crunch, Iranian automakers are trading pistachios for essential car parts.
@yarbatman.bsky.social explores this creative yet costly workaround for our blog.
Read more here: www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
#Iran #automotive #pistachios #economy
@yarbatman.bsky.social explores this creative yet costly workaround for our blog.
Read more here: www.bourseandbazaar.org/articles/202...
#Iran #automotive #pistachios #economy