Food Security for Equitable Futures
@foodequity.bsky.social
A #UKRIFLF project led by @jfledderjohann.bsky.social exploring how lives in the Global South are shaped by undernourishment & hunger #Ethiopia #India #Peru #Vietnam #FoodInsecurity
https://wp.lancs.ac.uk/foodequity/
https://wp.lancs.ac.uk/foodequity/
Pinned
Prof Jasmine Fledderjohann has compiled a Starter Pack on Food Security and Nutrition – perfect for anyone looking to learn, connect with experts & engage in meaningful dialogue.
🔗 Explore the starter pack & follow the experts:
👉 go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
#FoodSecurity #Nutrition #Inequality #FoodEquity
🔗 Explore the starter pack & follow the experts:
👉 go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
#FoodSecurity #Nutrition #Inequality #FoodEquity
🚩Short Courses Series🚩
In this session, Prof Dipa Sinha discussed hunger and malnutrition are not only problems about food availability, but the result of structural inequities that cut across caste, class, gender, and region.
📽️Full version of the talk👇
youtu.be/X4JUx20he0Y
#FoodSecurity #India
In this session, Prof Dipa Sinha discussed hunger and malnutrition are not only problems about food availability, but the result of structural inequities that cut across caste, class, gender, and region.
📽️Full version of the talk👇
youtu.be/X4JUx20he0Y
#FoodSecurity #India
Short Courses Series - Day 2 Session 2 - Prof Dipa Sinha
In this session, Prof Sinha talked about:
-- The Myth of Vegetarian India
-- Caste, Class, and Nutritional Inequality
-- Caste and Public Nutrition Policy
-- Gender Inequalities in Food and…
youtu.be
November 28, 2025 at 10:00 AM
🚩Short Courses Series🚩
In this session, Prof Dipa Sinha discussed hunger and malnutrition are not only problems about food availability, but the result of structural inequities that cut across caste, class, gender, and region.
📽️Full version of the talk👇
youtu.be/X4JUx20he0Y
#FoodSecurity #India
In this session, Prof Dipa Sinha discussed hunger and malnutrition are not only problems about food availability, but the result of structural inequities that cut across caste, class, gender, and region.
📽️Full version of the talk👇
youtu.be/X4JUx20he0Y
#FoodSecurity #India
UK Parliament written evidence on 'Innovation and Global Food Security' - published!
This evidence makes us question whether the use of technology is the solution to everything??
#FoodInsecurity
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social @swayamshree.bsky.social
This evidence makes us question whether the use of technology is the solution to everything??
#FoodInsecurity
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social @swayamshree.bsky.social
November 13, 2025 at 3:16 PM
UK Parliament written evidence on 'Innovation and Global Food Security' - published!
This evidence makes us question whether the use of technology is the solution to everything??
#FoodInsecurity
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social @swayamshree.bsky.social
This evidence makes us question whether the use of technology is the solution to everything??
#FoodInsecurity
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social @swayamshree.bsky.social
📢@charu220.bsky.social presented at ANH conf.
'Food mgmt in households & disruptive events: Lessons from Covid19'
Takeaways:
✔️Factors that shaped resilience at household level
✔️Coping strategies
✔️Undesirable Covid-era decisions impairing long-term future earning potential
#FoodInsecurity #India
'Food mgmt in households & disruptive events: Lessons from Covid19'
Takeaways:
✔️Factors that shaped resilience at household level
✔️Coping strategies
✔️Undesirable Covid-era decisions impairing long-term future earning potential
#FoodInsecurity #India
November 6, 2025 at 1:25 PM
📢@charu220.bsky.social presented at ANH conf.
'Food mgmt in households & disruptive events: Lessons from Covid19'
Takeaways:
✔️Factors that shaped resilience at household level
✔️Coping strategies
✔️Undesirable Covid-era decisions impairing long-term future earning potential
#FoodInsecurity #India
'Food mgmt in households & disruptive events: Lessons from Covid19'
Takeaways:
✔️Factors that shaped resilience at household level
✔️Coping strategies
✔️Undesirable Covid-era decisions impairing long-term future earning potential
#FoodInsecurity #India
Short Courses Series – Mr Biraj Patnaik
Mr Patnaik drew from his experience in policy building & social reform & discussed
✔️food+nutrition security in #India
✔️evolution of food rights
✔️role of civil society in safeguarding democratic processes & ensuring food justice..
📽️ wp.lancs.ac.uk/foodequity/
Mr Patnaik drew from his experience in policy building & social reform & discussed
✔️food+nutrition security in #India
✔️evolution of food rights
✔️role of civil society in safeguarding democratic processes & ensuring food justice..
📽️ wp.lancs.ac.uk/foodequity/
Short Courses Series - Day 2 Session 1 - Mr Biraj Patnaik
YouTube video by Food Security for Equitable Futures
youtu.be
October 29, 2025 at 3:38 PM
Short Courses Series – Mr Biraj Patnaik
Mr Patnaik drew from his experience in policy building & social reform & discussed
✔️food+nutrition security in #India
✔️evolution of food rights
✔️role of civil society in safeguarding democratic processes & ensuring food justice..
📽️ wp.lancs.ac.uk/foodequity/
Mr Patnaik drew from his experience in policy building & social reform & discussed
✔️food+nutrition security in #India
✔️evolution of food rights
✔️role of civil society in safeguarding democratic processes & ensuring food justice..
📽️ wp.lancs.ac.uk/foodequity/
🚩Prof @jfledderjohann.bsky.social shares findings from interview data collected in #India. Using her previous work articulating pathways between #FoodInsecurity & the ways it's restricting #ReproductiveJustice for women in India (paper: www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....).
📽️ youtu.be/6q5m0IbsHAA
📽️ youtu.be/6q5m0IbsHAA
Prof Fledderjohann presents online at Fed Up, the 15th Annual Food Studies Conference
YouTube video by Food Security for Equitable Futures
youtu.be
October 23, 2025 at 1:33 PM
🚩Prof @jfledderjohann.bsky.social shares findings from interview data collected in #India. Using her previous work articulating pathways between #FoodInsecurity & the ways it's restricting #ReproductiveJustice for women in India (paper: www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....).
📽️ youtu.be/6q5m0IbsHAA
📽️ youtu.be/6q5m0IbsHAA
📢 UK Parliament Call for Evidence Submission
Based on the in-depth fieldwork and insights from evidence-rich data, @foodequity.bsky.social has submitted their take on the latest call for evidence on 'Innovation and Global Food Security'.
🔥Inquiry: bit.ly/4qfoBRU
🧯💡Our stance: bit.ly/4h0Fyv3
Based on the in-depth fieldwork and insights from evidence-rich data, @foodequity.bsky.social has submitted their take on the latest call for evidence on 'Innovation and Global Food Security'.
🔥Inquiry: bit.ly/4qfoBRU
🧯💡Our stance: bit.ly/4h0Fyv3
Innovation and global food security - Committees - UK Parliament
The United Nations has estimated that global food production would need to increase by 70% by 2050 to feed a population of 9.7 billion. Science, innovation and technology have a role to play in sustai...
committees.parliament.uk
October 8, 2025 at 12:55 PM
📢 UK Parliament Call for Evidence Submission
Based on the in-depth fieldwork and insights from evidence-rich data, @foodequity.bsky.social has submitted their take on the latest call for evidence on 'Innovation and Global Food Security'.
🔥Inquiry: bit.ly/4qfoBRU
🧯💡Our stance: bit.ly/4h0Fyv3
Based on the in-depth fieldwork and insights from evidence-rich data, @foodequity.bsky.social has submitted their take on the latest call for evidence on 'Innovation and Global Food Security'.
🔥Inquiry: bit.ly/4qfoBRU
🧯💡Our stance: bit.ly/4h0Fyv3
Reposted by Food Security for Equitable Futures
go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ thanks @jfledderjohann.bsky.social to compile this starting pack on #FoodSecurity amd #Nutrition! Here’s the link for anyone who’s interested in joining the conversation! 👇🏾
September 11, 2025 at 8:39 AM
go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ thanks @jfledderjohann.bsky.social to compile this starting pack on #FoodSecurity amd #Nutrition! Here’s the link for anyone who’s interested in joining the conversation! 👇🏾
Reposted by Food Security for Equitable Futures
New starter pack! go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
September 10, 2025 at 11:35 AM
New starter pack! go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
Reposted by Food Security for Equitable Futures
A useful list of accounts to follow if you are interested in #Food #FoodSecurity, #Nutrition, #FoodEquity and more.
Prof Jasmine Fledderjohann has compiled a Starter Pack on Food Security and Nutrition – perfect for anyone looking to learn, connect with experts & engage in meaningful dialogue.
🔗 Explore the starter pack & follow the experts:
👉 go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
#FoodSecurity #Nutrition #Inequality #FoodEquity
🔗 Explore the starter pack & follow the experts:
👉 go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
#FoodSecurity #Nutrition #Inequality #FoodEquity
September 10, 2025 at 10:38 AM
A useful list of accounts to follow if you are interested in #Food #FoodSecurity, #Nutrition, #FoodEquity and more.
Reposted by Food Security for Equitable Futures
September 5, 2025 at 7:20 AM
Reposted by Food Security for Equitable Futures
Sharing this excellent starter pack on #foodsecurity and nutrition (of which we're happy to be part)
go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
September 5, 2025 at 10:57 AM
Sharing this excellent starter pack on #foodsecurity and nutrition (of which we're happy to be part)
go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
Reposted by Food Security for Equitable Futures
Just realized I'm part of this Food Security and Nutrition starter pack from @foodequity.bsky.social. Lots of great people and groups on here! 🙌
go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
September 5, 2025 at 6:37 PM
Just realized I'm part of this Food Security and Nutrition starter pack from @foodequity.bsky.social. Lots of great people and groups on here! 🙌
go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
📍Short Courses Series
Mr @weareraman.bsky.social's session was packed with insightful discussion on:
✔️need for participatory approaches & community engagement
✔️levels of participation
✔️facilitators as catalyst, not directors
✔️imp of mixed-methods approach
Details👇
www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGkW...
Mr @weareraman.bsky.social's session was packed with insightful discussion on:
✔️need for participatory approaches & community engagement
✔️levels of participation
✔️facilitators as catalyst, not directors
✔️imp of mixed-methods approach
Details👇
www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGkW...
Short Courses Series - Day 1 Session 5 - Mr V R Raman
YouTube video by Food Security for Equitable Futures
www.youtube.com
September 4, 2025 at 1:28 PM
📍Short Courses Series
Mr @weareraman.bsky.social's session was packed with insightful discussion on:
✔️need for participatory approaches & community engagement
✔️levels of participation
✔️facilitators as catalyst, not directors
✔️imp of mixed-methods approach
Details👇
www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGkW...
Mr @weareraman.bsky.social's session was packed with insightful discussion on:
✔️need for participatory approaches & community engagement
✔️levels of participation
✔️facilitators as catalyst, not directors
✔️imp of mixed-methods approach
Details👇
www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGkW...
Prof Jasmine Fledderjohann has compiled a Starter Pack on Food Security and Nutrition – perfect for anyone looking to learn, connect with experts & engage in meaningful dialogue.
🔗 Explore the starter pack & follow the experts:
👉 go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
#FoodSecurity #Nutrition #Inequality #FoodEquity
🔗 Explore the starter pack & follow the experts:
👉 go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
#FoodSecurity #Nutrition #Inequality #FoodEquity
August 20, 2025 at 12:54 PM
Prof Jasmine Fledderjohann has compiled a Starter Pack on Food Security and Nutrition – perfect for anyone looking to learn, connect with experts & engage in meaningful dialogue.
🔗 Explore the starter pack & follow the experts:
👉 go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
#FoodSecurity #Nutrition #Inequality #FoodEquity
🔗 Explore the starter pack & follow the experts:
👉 go.bsky.app/9mZrrpQ
#FoodSecurity #Nutrition #Inequality #FoodEquity
'What does a good mother eat⁉️'
I wish this wasn't a choice anyone had to make❗
Here is a piece by our very own Dr @charu220.bsky.social from her experience in the field.
You can read more about it in our project Newsletter#6(page 4):
wp.lancs.ac.uk/foodequity/f...
#foodequity#foodinsecurity#India
I wish this wasn't a choice anyone had to make❗
Here is a piece by our very own Dr @charu220.bsky.social from her experience in the field.
You can read more about it in our project Newsletter#6(page 4):
wp.lancs.ac.uk/foodequity/f...
#foodequity#foodinsecurity#India
August 13, 2025 at 11:28 AM
'What does a good mother eat⁉️'
I wish this wasn't a choice anyone had to make❗
Here is a piece by our very own Dr @charu220.bsky.social from her experience in the field.
You can read more about it in our project Newsletter#6(page 4):
wp.lancs.ac.uk/foodequity/f...
#foodequity#foodinsecurity#India
I wish this wasn't a choice anyone had to make❗
Here is a piece by our very own Dr @charu220.bsky.social from her experience in the field.
You can read more about it in our project Newsletter#6(page 4):
wp.lancs.ac.uk/foodequity/f...
#foodequity#foodinsecurity#India
That’s a wrap on the NCRM course!
Two days. One team. Great energy, great teamwork!
Let’s keep this momentum rolling! 🔥🙌
#foodequity #qualitativeresearch #foodinsecurity
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @swayamshree.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social
Two days. One team. Great energy, great teamwork!
Let’s keep this momentum rolling! 🔥🙌
#foodequity #qualitativeresearch #foodinsecurity
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @swayamshree.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social
July 17, 2025 at 5:06 PM
That’s a wrap on the NCRM course!
Two days. One team. Great energy, great teamwork!
Let’s keep this momentum rolling! 🔥🙌
#foodequity #qualitativeresearch #foodinsecurity
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @swayamshree.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social
Two days. One team. Great energy, great teamwork!
Let’s keep this momentum rolling! 🔥🙌
#foodequity #qualitativeresearch #foodinsecurity
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @swayamshree.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social
📢Short Courses Series - Day1 Session4
Mr Raman emphasized #foodinsecurity is not just hunger but a complex issue tied to health, gender, governance & human rights. We need:
✔️💪data systems
✔️empathetic governance
✔️participatory approaches
✔️policies centred on equity
📽️ www.youtube.com/watch?v=GMg3...
Mr Raman emphasized #foodinsecurity is not just hunger but a complex issue tied to health, gender, governance & human rights. We need:
✔️💪data systems
✔️empathetic governance
✔️participatory approaches
✔️policies centred on equity
📽️ www.youtube.com/watch?v=GMg3...
Short Courses Series - Day 1 Session 4 - Mr V R Raman
YouTube video by Food Security for Equitable Futures
www.youtube.com
July 16, 2025 at 1:57 PM
📢Short Courses Series - Day1 Session4
Mr Raman emphasized #foodinsecurity is not just hunger but a complex issue tied to health, gender, governance & human rights. We need:
✔️💪data systems
✔️empathetic governance
✔️participatory approaches
✔️policies centred on equity
📽️ www.youtube.com/watch?v=GMg3...
Mr Raman emphasized #foodinsecurity is not just hunger but a complex issue tied to health, gender, governance & human rights. We need:
✔️💪data systems
✔️empathetic governance
✔️participatory approaches
✔️policies centred on equity
📽️ www.youtube.com/watch?v=GMg3...
👉NCRM 2-day course is currently under way:
‘Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings’
Some thought provoking comments and questions - lovely to see insightful engagement from the participants!! 👏🎉
#india #foodequity #qualitativeresearch #methods #vulnerability
‘Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings’
Some thought provoking comments and questions - lovely to see insightful engagement from the participants!! 👏🎉
#india #foodequity #qualitativeresearch #methods #vulnerability
July 16, 2025 at 1:21 PM
👉NCRM 2-day course is currently under way:
‘Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings’
Some thought provoking comments and questions - lovely to see insightful engagement from the participants!! 👏🎉
#india #foodequity #qualitativeresearch #methods #vulnerability
‘Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings’
Some thought provoking comments and questions - lovely to see insightful engagement from the participants!! 👏🎉
#india #foodequity #qualitativeresearch #methods #vulnerability
Reposted by Food Security for Equitable Futures
Introducing my wonderful workplace where I've been for almost (gasp!) 30 years! Follow us for research on #foodpolicy, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
🦋IFPRI is excited to join @bsky.app! Colleagues, partners, friends @cgiar.org and beyond - who's there? 👋 Welcome to our cloud!
December 13, 2024 at 3:33 PM
Introducing my wonderful workplace where I've been for almost (gasp!) 30 years! Follow us for research on #foodpolicy, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
👉👉NCRM ONLINE TRAINING👈👈
Don't forget to signup for this exciting opportunity to learn from the lived experiences of those in the field & how to work with vulnerable participants.
📌‘Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings’
Register👇
www.ncrm.ac.uk/training/sho...
Don't forget to signup for this exciting opportunity to learn from the lived experiences of those in the field & how to work with vulnerable participants.
📌‘Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings’
Register👇
www.ncrm.ac.uk/training/sho...
July 3, 2025 at 9:24 AM
👉👉NCRM ONLINE TRAINING👈👈
Don't forget to signup for this exciting opportunity to learn from the lived experiences of those in the field & how to work with vulnerable participants.
📌‘Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings’
Register👇
www.ncrm.ac.uk/training/sho...
Don't forget to signup for this exciting opportunity to learn from the lived experiences of those in the field & how to work with vulnerable participants.
📌‘Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings’
Register👇
www.ncrm.ac.uk/training/sho...
Reposted by Food Security for Equitable Futures
Will also be coming to Lancaster in the future. Stay tuned!
June 20, 2025 at 4:51 PM
Will also be coming to Lancaster in the future. Stay tuned!
📢Short Courses Series - Day 1 Session 3 - Prof Carlo Cafiero (FAO)
➡️Historical, methodological & practical aspects of measuring food insecurity
➡️Gradual advancement of experience-based food insecurity scales, current applications & its future.
👀Watch👇
youtu.be/oBBZUXmJeyk
#foodinsecurity #India
➡️Historical, methodological & practical aspects of measuring food insecurity
➡️Gradual advancement of experience-based food insecurity scales, current applications & its future.
👀Watch👇
youtu.be/oBBZUXmJeyk
#foodinsecurity #India
Short Courses Series - Day 1 Session 3 - Prof Carlo Cafiero
YouTube video by Food Security for Equitable Futures
youtu.be
June 18, 2025 at 1:41 PM
📢Short Courses Series - Day 1 Session 3 - Prof Carlo Cafiero (FAO)
➡️Historical, methodological & practical aspects of measuring food insecurity
➡️Gradual advancement of experience-based food insecurity scales, current applications & its future.
👀Watch👇
youtu.be/oBBZUXmJeyk
#foodinsecurity #India
➡️Historical, methodological & practical aspects of measuring food insecurity
➡️Gradual advancement of experience-based food insecurity scales, current applications & its future.
👀Watch👇
youtu.be/oBBZUXmJeyk
#foodinsecurity #India
🔔EXCITING OPPORTUNITY
Prof @jfledderjohann.bsky.social,Drs @swayamshree.bsky.social, @ankitarathi.bsky.social, @charu220.bsky.social r conducting online training on
Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings
📌Register here-all welcome
www.ncrm.ac.uk/training/sho...
Prof @jfledderjohann.bsky.social,Drs @swayamshree.bsky.social, @ankitarathi.bsky.social, @charu220.bsky.social r conducting online training on
Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings
📌Register here-all welcome
www.ncrm.ac.uk/training/sho...
Training course: Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings - Online
This course is designed to familiarize students and researchers with various facets of qualitative research, particularly focusing on challenging fieldwork environments involving complex and intimate
www.ncrm.ac.uk
June 11, 2025 at 11:28 AM
🔔EXCITING OPPORTUNITY
Prof @jfledderjohann.bsky.social,Drs @swayamshree.bsky.social, @ankitarathi.bsky.social, @charu220.bsky.social r conducting online training on
Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings
📌Register here-all welcome
www.ncrm.ac.uk/training/sho...
Prof @jfledderjohann.bsky.social,Drs @swayamshree.bsky.social, @ankitarathi.bsky.social, @charu220.bsky.social r conducting online training on
Navigating Complexity: Qualitative Research in Challenging Field Settings
📌Register here-all welcome
www.ncrm.ac.uk/training/sho...
🏅🎉We are fortunate to have Prof Edward Frongillo as part of expert panel on our project.
Very grateful for his insights which has provided invaluable contribution to the research project 👏✨
Many congrats Prof Frongillo!
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social
Very grateful for his insights which has provided invaluable contribution to the research project 👏✨
Many congrats Prof Frongillo!
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social
Big congrats to HPEB professor and food insecurity/child development expert Edward Frongillo, who has been ranked by ScholarGPS as #1 in lifetime citations in Food Security, and #9 in Nutrition in the last 5 years globally! ow.ly/3WtW50VGhj9 #ArnoldSchoolProud #ArnoldSchoolExperts
June 5, 2025 at 2:30 PM
🏅🎉We are fortunate to have Prof Edward Frongillo as part of expert panel on our project.
Very grateful for his insights which has provided invaluable contribution to the research project 👏✨
Many congrats Prof Frongillo!
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social
Very grateful for his insights which has provided invaluable contribution to the research project 👏✨
Many congrats Prof Frongillo!
@jfledderjohann.bsky.social @ankitarathi.bsky.social @charu220.bsky.social
Reposted by Food Security for Equitable Futures
What happens when countries do NOT invest in #EarlyChildhood 🐣?
New paper modeling COSTS OF INACTION:
-NOT preventing #malnutrition in countries with high stunting costs 2.8% GDP
-NOT running universal #pre-school across Sub-Saharan Africa costs 1.6%GDP
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
New paper modeling COSTS OF INACTION:
-NOT preventing #malnutrition in countries with high stunting costs 2.8% GDP
-NOT running universal #pre-school across Sub-Saharan Africa costs 1.6%GDP
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
June 2, 2025 at 8:34 AM
What happens when countries do NOT invest in #EarlyChildhood 🐣?
New paper modeling COSTS OF INACTION:
-NOT preventing #malnutrition in countries with high stunting costs 2.8% GDP
-NOT running universal #pre-school across Sub-Saharan Africa costs 1.6%GDP
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
New paper modeling COSTS OF INACTION:
-NOT preventing #malnutrition in countries with high stunting costs 2.8% GDP
-NOT running universal #pre-school across Sub-Saharan Africa costs 1.6%GDP
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...