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3/ Makukh’s protest inspired Jan Palach, Romas Kalanta, Musa Mamut.
The first modern act of self-immolation in Europe.
Buried in Dnipro. Honored in memory.
His message still burns: Ukraine must be free. russia must be defeated.

2/ Makukh, a former UPA fighter, spent years in Siberian camps.
Barred from returning home, he carried Ukraine’s pain until the end.
As he lay dying, a doctor said, “Your kids will be orphans.”
Makukh replied: “...Right now, we are all orphans. Ukraine is an orphan.”

3/ Commander Roman Shukhevych wrote:

“The UPA’s fight on two fronts - against Hitler & Stalin - was a battle for Ukraine’s "to be or not to be".”

2/ The first UPA units formed in Volyn & Polissya under Taras Borovets (“Bulba”) to defend Ukrainians from both Nazi & Soviet occupiers.

In 1947, the Ukrainian Supreme Liberation Council officially declared Oct 14 the UPA Day.

2/ To honor his legacy, in 2019 PEN Ukraine established the Heorhiy Gongadze Prize – awarded to journalists who embody integrity, courage, and commitment to the profession.
We remember Gongadze and every reporter who risks everything to keep the truth alive. 💙💛

2/ He also backed the Mariinsky Orphanage and parish schools, leaving a legacy of care for education and the most vulnerable.
The Tereshchenko dynasty also gave Kyiv an art gallery that became the foundation of today’s museums.

4/ The feat inspired songs, poems & even the 2003 monument at Zahoriv.
Since 1990, annual gatherings take place near the monastery walls to honor the heroes.

A story of youth who chose dignity over survival. Eternal memory to the 29 of Zahoriv.

3/ Losses: 29 UPA fighters killed, 1 executed in captivity. German losses estimated at 90–100 killed & 150–200 wounded (some sources claim over 500 killed).

The monastery was destroyed, but the memory of Zahoriv became a legend of courage & sacrifice.

2/ On the night of Sept 11–12, the insurgents decided to break out of encirclement.

Hiding their wounded in the basement, two groups slipped into the fog at dawn, throwing grenades & shouting “Glory to Ukraine!”
12 broke free. Others fell in battle.

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