Tzu-Mao Li
tzumaoli.bsky.social
Tzu-Mao Li
@tzumaoli.bsky.social
https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~tzli/
computer graphics, programming systems, machine learning, differentiable graphics
I love everything from Michael Gharbi! mgharbi.com
The papers are:
groups.csail.mit.edu/graphics/xfo...
groups.csail.mit.edu/graphics/hdr...
likesum.github.io/bpn/
tamarott.github.io/ASAPNet_web/
The ones I didn't list here are good too. ; )
November 10, 2025 at 4:35 PM
Thanks a lot for the warm comments!
November 4, 2025 at 4:32 PM
I shared thoughts on what roles "classical graphics" should play in future and also advertise some of our research projects. I also discussed a bit of my thoughts on the field.
Take a look if you are interested, or if you have an existential crisis of your graphics-related research or job!
October 30, 2025 at 7:53 PM
It's amazing how simple the basic jackknife estimator is (Eq 4) and how the cosine comes out as a jump scare. XD
October 30, 2025 at 5:12 PM
Yes! www.youtube.com/watch?v=48tv... (sorry I was slow : ( )
Vector Valued Monte Carlo Integration Using Ratio Control Variates
YouTube video by Haolin Lu
www.youtube.com
October 30, 2025 at 1:57 AM
Amazing paper. Can't believe I haven't read it. Thanks a lot for sharing! (And yes I agree that the Nyquist limit is likely too loose and we can do so much better!)
September 17, 2025 at 2:32 AM
(This was inspired by the debate of whether the Pixel camera's 100x zoom in is hallucination or not, but it seems to apply to everything in the "AI" world right now.)
September 15, 2025 at 9:34 PM
My thoughts got stuck at the point above, so I decided to make this a bluesky post. ; )
September 15, 2025 at 9:32 PM
To move forward, either we move back to the "old ways" (I actually prefer this), or we should have a better visualization to indicate what things have higher uncertainty and make it clear to the audience. Probably a lot of people are working on this, but uncertainty quantification is a hard problem.
September 15, 2025 at 9:32 PM
We used to have a clear relation between sampling rates and reconstruction error. Now that has gone away and anything can go. In some sense, we have traded reconstruction error with predictability (perhaps because predictability is harder to benchmark). It almost feels like a form of no-free-lunch.
September 15, 2025 at 9:32 PM
I've started to ask these questions in talks just so I can collect answers I can use myself in the future. ; )
August 7, 2025 at 11:16 PM
Most interesting thread I've read recently! I assume you can use this to build a BSP tree like data structure to render a lot of quadratic Bezier strokes?
June 28, 2025 at 2:44 AM
Also see the official SIGGRAPH blog post (blog.siggraph.org/2025/06/sigg...) for the best paper announcement and other cool SIGGRAPH papers.
June 14, 2025 at 5:26 PM
In the paper (suikasibyl.github.io/vvmc), we show a lot more: MSE analysis, debiasing, applying to actual renderers and differentiable renderers, and more.

In short, there is really no reason not to use RCV in your renderer and differentiable renderer. It reduces variance at negligible cost!
June 14, 2025 at 5:26 PM
Instead of classical "difference" CVs that is sensitive to scale, we use "Ratio" CVs that is scale invariant, i.e., the estimator has zero variance if your RCV is a constant scale of the integrand. This makes RCV far more robust than CV in rendering, since rendering equation is multiplicative.
June 14, 2025 at 5:26 PM
A potential remedy is control variates. You can use different CV for each component in a vector-valued integral, and a perfect CV gives zero variance. However, CVs are sensitive to the scale of your integrands: the zero-variance property doesn't preserve even if you simply scale the integrand by 2.
June 14, 2025 at 5:26 PM
While rendering equation is often presented as scalar integrals, they usually have multiple channels (e.g. RGB). However, importance sampling can only reduce variance of one channel, or a weighted average of them. It gets worse in differentiable rendering, since we need to compute many derivatives.
June 14, 2025 at 5:26 PM