This document presents a very different picture, one that is markedly more fragmented and less focused. Difficult to see this contributing to enhance Europe's global green reach.

The original Clean Industrial Deal strategy placed the new Clean Trade and Investment Partnerships at the core of its external dimension, rightly focusing on the need to break down silos within the EC and to adopt a way more operational approach to promoting new international clean supply chains.

3. A strong climate-policy framework is the key framework condition of a successful clean industrial policy. Europe needs to adopt the new 2040 climate target rapidly to provide investment certainty to those companies that are already embracing the clean-tech revolution through their investments.

2. Pressures to water down competition policy must be resisted: we might like champions, but we certainly do not like monopolies. Pressures to promote Made in Europe provisions also require careful assessment, as domestic reshoring in tech areas where EU has no comparative advantage will not work.

1. The CID has the potential to successfully support the industrial transformation Europe needs. But the strategies formulated so far now need to be implemented rapidly. This requires a step-change by Member States, which too often remain focused on preserving the interests of their own incumbents.