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socatco2.bsky.social
Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas
@socatco2.bsky.social
74 followers 45 following 50 posts
https://www.socat.info

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socatco2.bsky.social
Thea Heimdal et al.* explore the potential impact of adding observations from autonomous platforms to pCO₂ reconstructions in the Southern Ocean.

doi.org/10.5194/bg-2...

#co2 #ocean #SouthernOcean

Galen McKinley, Adrienne Sutton, Amanda Fay, Lucas Gloege
Figure 2Saildrone uncrewed surface vehicle (USV) tracks representing the first circumnavigation around Antarctica from 2019 in maroon (one-latitude track; Sutton et al., 2021) and an alternative virtual route with meridional coverage (zigzag track).
November 17, 2025 at 2:22 PM
socatco2.bsky.social
Jamie Shutler et al. (too many to mention) explore the crucial role that satellite observations play in understanding the ocean carbon sink and acidification.

doi.org/10.1016/j.ea...

#ocean #carbon #satellite
Fig. 2. Recent advances in satellite observation-based data for studying the surface water marine carbonate system. a) Global assessments of the amount of gaseous CO2 (pCO2) can be mapped using satellite observations in conjunction with in situ databases to provide decadal-scale monthly data inputs to annual carbon assessments (i.e. Friedlingstein et al., 2021) (data from Gregor and Gruber, 2021); b) Regional assessments using satellite observation-based methods can quantify alkalinity and dissolved carbon flowing from the Amazon into the Atlantic (data from Land et al., 2019).
November 14, 2025 at 11:53 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
A.P. Joshi et al.* use a suite of machine learning algorithms to produce climatological maps of pCO₂ in the Bay of Bengal.

doi.org/10.1038/s415...

#ocean #co2

Prasanna Kanti Ghoshal, Kunal Chakraborty & V. V. S. S. Sarma
Sea-surface pCO2 maps for the Bay of Bengal based on advanced machine learning algorithms - Scientific Data
Scientific Data - Sea-surface pCO2 maps for the Bay of Bengal based on advanced machine learning algorithms
doi.org
November 6, 2025 at 12:57 PM
socatco2.bsky.social
SOCAT QCers, save the date! On 3rd February 2026 we will hold a SOCAT secondary data quality control (QC) hackathon. This will run for 24 hours starting at 00:00 UTC.

Everyone will have the chance to chat and exchange about QC issues while QCing data sets.

www.socat.info/hackathon26
QC Hackathon 3rd February 2026 – Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas
www.socat.info
November 3, 2025 at 8:35 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
Moritz Mathis et al.* explore the mechanisms behind enhanced coastal CO₂ uptake.

doi.org/10.1038/s415...

#ocean #co2 #coast

*Fabrice Lacroix, Stefan Hagemann, David Marcolino Nielsen, Tatiana Ilyina & Corinna Schrum
Fig. 4: Simulated change signal of ocean–atmosphere CO₂ flux during the twentieth century (1991–2010 of hist minus ctrl), shown for the coastal ocean.
October 27, 2025 at 10:14 AM
Reposted by Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas
chrisecornwall.bsky.social
Excited to announce that we will be hosting the 6th International Symposium on Oceans in a High CO2 World October 12 to 16th in Wellington at the Tākina event center! This conference will bring together marine climate change scientists from multiple disciplines. Save the date!
August 21, 2025 at 9:42 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
Yujun Liu, Yijun He and Yating Shao explore the impact of cold season Arctic cyclones on the carbon sink of the marginal sea ice zone.

doi.org/10.1016/j.sc...

#arctic #co2 #cyclone
October 17, 2025 at 7:17 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
Enhui Liao, Wenfang Lu, Liang Xue, and Yan Du attribute an anomalous drop in Indian Ocean CO₂ uptake to large-scale warming and reduced physical transport.

doi.org/10.1002/lol2...

#IndianOcean #carbon #co2
Figure 1: Air–sea CO2 flux map of climatological annual mean (a–c) and 2015 interannual anomaly (d–f) between data products and MOM6-COBALT. A positive flux denotes an outgassing from the ocean to atmosphere. In panel (a), AS, BoB, SEIO denote Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, and southeastern Indian Ocean respectively. Sumatra, Java, SS, LS, and TS represent Sumatra island, Java island, Lombok Strait, Sunda Strait, and Timor Sea respectively. Arrows in panel (c and d) depict the ocean circulation of climatological annual mean and interannual anomaly for 2015, derived from MOM6-COBALT. Data products are from MPI SOM-FFN and OS-ETHZ-GRaCER. The interannual anomaly is averaged between August 2015 and July 2016.
October 13, 2025 at 9:58 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
Frauke Bunsen, Cara Nissen and Judith Hauck assess the impacts of climate change on the global ocean carbon sink

doi.org/10.1029/2023...

#ocean #carbon
Figure 3: (a) The mean air-sea CO₂ flux density and (b) trend in the CO₂ flux density 1958–2019 in the historical simulation (simulation A) (c–f) The effects of the rising atmospheric CO₂ concentration and climate change on the trend in the CO₂ flux density obtained as the difference between two simulations with and without interannual variability and trends in the respective variable(s): (c) Atmospheric CO₂ concentration, (d) full climate variability and trends, (e) winds and (f) global warming. Positive values denote a trend toward more oceanic outgassing or less oceanic uptake, respectively. Hatched areas in (b–f) indicate a low significance of the trend (p-value > 0.05 applying a two-sided Wald Test with t-distribution).
September 18, 2025 at 1:39 PM
socatco2.bsky.social
Annika Jersild and Peter Landschützer show how the sources of uncertainty and bias in a neural network based air-sea CO₂ reconstruction vary in different ocean regions.

doi.org/10.1029/2023...

#ocean #flux #uncertainty
Figure 4: Breakdown of uncertainty sources, compared seasonally. (a) July uncertainty sources (averaged 1990–2022) color indicating dominating source of uncertainty (k, pCO2, and wind). (b) Percentage each source contributes to total uncertainty, averaged latitudinally. (c, d) Same as (a, b) but for January.
September 16, 2025 at 2:06 PM
socatco2.bsky.social
C. Frangoulis et al.* present two years of high-frequency carbonate system observations from the eastern Mediterranean.

doi.org/10.3389/fmar...

#ocean #mediterranean #carbon

Stamataki, Pettas, Michelinakis, King, Giannoudi, Tsiaras, Christodoulaki, Seppälä, Thyssen, Borges, Krasakopoulou
Figure 1: Map of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea with location of Heraklion Coastal Buoy (HCB), E1-M3A buoy and FINOKALIA atmospheric station (bottom left inset). Color tracks (z axis) indicated difference between observed and estimated sea surface pCO₂ (Δobs-est), using Equation 8 with in-situ temperature and pCO₂ measurements (from SOCAT dataset). Top right inset shows frequency of observations vs Δobs-est. In-situ data excluded values above latitude 39.8°N and data from the present study.
September 11, 2025 at 7:30 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
Amanda Fay et al.* present new climatologies of mean ΔfCO and net sea–air CO flux for the global ocean.

doi.org/10.5194/essd...

#ocean #co2 #flux

*David Munro, Galen McKinley, Denis Pierrot, Stewart Sutherland, Colm Sweeney, Rik Wanninkhof
Figure 5: Annual mean CO₂ flux calculated from the SOCAT database. Flux is calculated using the SeaFlux method using the mean of three wind speed reanalysis products. Warm and cool colors indicate regions of carbon efflux and uptake, respectively. The near-global mean flux is −1.79 Pg C yr⁻¹.
September 8, 2025 at 12:21 PM
socatco2.bsky.social
Thi-Tuyet-Trang Chau, Frédéric Chevallier and Marion Gehlen use a set of biological, chemical, and physical predictors to produce global monthly maps of fCO₂ and air-sea CO₂ fluxes beyond the available SOCAT observations.

doi.org/10.1029/2023...

#ocean #co2 #flux
Global Analysis of Surface Ocean CO2 Fugacity and Air‐Sea Fluxes With Low Latency
We demonstrate the capacity of statistical models to generate global maps of fCO2 and air-sea flux with a latency reduced to one month A decrease in the CO2 source for January to August 2023 diag...
doi.org
September 4, 2025 at 11:55 AM
Reposted by Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas
jens-d-mueller.bsky.social
🌊 In 2023, the ocean carbon sink weakened for the first time in a record-hot year 🌡️🌎
Our new study in Nature Climate Change quantifies this unexpected decline and explains how it came about. 👇
doi.org/10.1038/s415...
Unexpected decline in the ocean carbon sink under record-high sea surface temperatures in 2023 - Nature Climate Change
The ocean carbon sink strengthened in previous warm El Niño years due to reduced CO2 outgassing in the tropics. Here the authors show that the ocean carbon sink declined in 2023 despite record-high se...
doi.org
September 2, 2025 at 11:59 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
Tobias Steinhoff and 40+ co-authors present the results from a two-week intercomparison of 27 pCO₂ instruments (16 models)

doi.org/10.1002/lom3...

#ocean #co2
Fig. 9: Statistical summary showing the mean pCO2 difference from the IC-Reference for each of the six measurement intervals defined in Fig. 4, ordered by instrument per group. The horizontal dashed lines divide the instruments' groups while the vertical gray dashed lines denote the 2, 5, and 10 μatm limits.
September 1, 2025 at 8:12 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
Laure Resplandy et al. (too many to fit here) present a global synthesis of coastal fluxes of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane across the globe.

doi.org/10.1029/2023...

#ocean #carbon #flux #coast
A Synthesis of Global Coastal Ocean Greenhouse Gas Fluxes
We synthesize air-sea fluxes of CO2, nitrous oxide and methane in the global coastal ocean using observation-based products and ocean models The coastal ocean CO2 sink is 60% larger in ocean mode...
doi.org
August 28, 2025 at 12:50 PM
socatco2.bsky.social
Some SOCAT services are currently offline due to ongoing IT issues with some servers. The outage is expected to last several days.

Main data downloads are unaffected.
August 21, 2025 at 4:34 PM
socatco2.bsky.social
Yiming Guo and Mary-Louise Timmermans examine the role of mesoscale processes on global air-sea CO₂ fluxes.

doi.org/10.1029/2024...

#ocean #co2
Figure 2: Air-sea CO2 flux variance explained by the mesoscale. (a) CO2 flux variance associated with small scales (<nominal 2°); (b) Percentage of CO2 flux variance explained by small scales. Gray contours are mean sea surface height contours (CI = 20 cm) in the model.
August 18, 2025 at 3:33 PM
socatco2.bsky.social
Alizée Roobaert et al* discover the factors constraining the coastal air-sea CO₂ flux across the globe.

doi.org/10.1029/2023...

#ocean #co2 #flux #coast

Laure Resplandy, Goulven G. Laruelle, Enhui Liao, Pierre Regnier
Figure 7: (a) Division of the coastal ocean into five coastal systems that present different key controls on the coastal CO2 dynamics in the mixed layer depth (MLD). For each of these five categories is associated a sketch (b–f) that presents the main control on the annual average CO2 sources/sinks and the variability on the seasonal timescale (red stars) in the MLD. Flux into the MLD increases CResponse.
August 14, 2025 at 9:29 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
Thi-Tuyet-Trang Chau et al.* present CMEMS-LSCE, a 0.25° monthly reconstruction of the surface ocean carbonate system.

doi.org/10.5194/essd...

#ocean #co2

*Marion Gehlen, Nicolas Metzl, Frédéric Chevallier
Figure 1: CMEMS-LSCE-FFNN pCO₂ over the global ocean at a spatial resolution of 0.25∘. Temporal means of the model best estimate and 1σ uncertainty per grid cell over 1985–2021.
August 11, 2025 at 11:36 AM
Reposted by Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas
oc4c.bsky.social
🔊We are pleased to announce our SOCOM session

'SOLAS and SOCOM: Understanding interactions and feedbacks between the ocean and atmosphere'

was accepted for #OSM26 in Feb 2026.
Co-chaired by Dr Thea Heimdal and Dr Amanda Fay.

www.agu.org/Ocean-Scienc...

#OC4C @lamont.columbia.edu
Ocean Sciences Meeting 2026
Join AGU, TOS, and ASLO for the Ocean Sciences Meeting, held 22-27 February 2026, in Glasgow, Scotland. The meeting is the flagship conference for the ocean sciences community and the larger ocean-con...
www.agu.org
July 16, 2025 at 12:37 PM
socatco2.bsky.social
Judith Hauck and 13 others come together to review the Southern Ocean carbon cycle over 20+ years.

doi.org/10.1029/2023...

#SouthernOcean #carbon
doi.org
July 28, 2025 at 8:10 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
Elizabeth Ellison, Ali Mashayek and Matthew Mazloff investigate how diapycnal mixing variability can affect air-sea CO₂ fluxes in the Southern Ocean.

doi.org/10.1029/2023...

#SouthernOcean #co2 #flux
Fig. 1: Diapycnal mixing in the Southern Ocean State Estimate (SOSE). The distribution of diapycnal mixing in the Southern Ocean, constructed as the sum of contributions from tides and topographically generated lee waves. This mixing is shown averaged in depth over the top/bottom 2 km in panel A/B, and zonally over the Southern Ocean in (c). These maps are used in the spatially variable mixing map experiment (ExVar). For reference, a zonally averaged map of the storm-induced mixing, as parameterized through GGL90 parameterization in B-SOSE, is also shown in panel (d). The pink lines on (a) and (b) show the annual mean extent of sea ice. Note that the range of the color bar in panel (d) is different from the other panels.
July 25, 2025 at 9:01 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
Patrick Duke et al.* estimate the regional marine CO₂ fluxes in the northeast Pacific

doi.org/10.5194/bg-2...

#ocean #pacific #carbon #co2

*Roberta Hamme, Debby Ianson, Peter Landschützer, Mohamed Ahmed, Neil Swart, Paul Covert
Estimating marine carbon uptake in the northeast Pacific using a neural network approach
Abstract. The global ocean takes up nearly a quarter of anthropogenic CO2 emissions annually, but the variability in this uptake at regional scales remains poorly understood. Here we use a neural netw...
doi.org
July 17, 2025 at 8:43 AM
socatco2.bsky.social
New session confirmed for Ocean Science 2026 in Glasgow: The Southern Ocean Carbon Sink: processes, observations, and change. agu.confex.com/agu/osm26/pr...

#OSM26 #SouthernOcean #carbon
The Southern Ocean Carbon Sink: processes, observations, and change
The Southern Ocean is the largest carbon sink of the global ocean, responsible for approximately one-quarter of oceanic carbon dioxide uptake. Its central role in the global carbon cycle stems from it...
agu.confex.com
July 14, 2025 at 6:54 AM