Sam Barnett Dubensky
banner
sbarnettdubensky.bsky.social
Sam Barnett Dubensky
@sbarnettdubensky.bsky.social
MD/PhD Student at the University of Pennsylvania

Derek Oldridge & Laura Vella Labs, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
orcid.org/0000-0001-9799-8089

Interests - Germinal Center Biology | Human Immunology | Spatial & Single-Cell Omics | Really Good Bread
Beyond commentary on Tfh subsets and GC biology, expect plenty of bread and baking-related content from this Bluesky page going forward - my sourdough starter is even older than my current year of MD/PhD training!

Lastly, please reach out if you have any ideas or questions regarding our preprint!
December 15, 2025 at 5:15 PM
And don't forget about the supplementary section! bit.ly/48HftyM

Beyond supporting data and figures, there we describe our bioinformatic methods in depth to aid open communication and reproducibility. Code and data will also soon be on GitHub and Zenodo for reanlaysis:
bit.ly/4q8nkuX
bit.ly/3L3v6r5
Multimodal analysis defines GNG4 as a distinguishing feature of germinal center-positioned CD4 T follicular helper cells in humans
CD4 T follicular helper (Tfh) cells coordinate humoral immune responses within germinal centers (GC) of lymphoid tissue. Despite their critical roles in vaccination and autoimmunity, the gene expressi...
bit.ly
December 15, 2025 at 5:14 PM
Further, we received key samples and insights from the Romberg and Henrickson Labs at CHOP. I also want to thank my thesis committee for their guidance: Sarah Henrickson, Taku Kambayashi, David Hill, and Chris Hunter.

@romberglab.bsky.social
@sarahhenrickson.bsky.social
@kingofpathogens.bsky.social
December 15, 2025 at 5:13 PM
I have been lucky to work alongside my coauthors in both the Oldridge and Vella Labs, including Amy Baxter who is now leading a new group at I3H!

@derek-oldridge.bsky.social
@laura-a-vella.bsky.social
@amylizbaxter.bsky.social
@pennmedcso.bsky.social
@chopresearch.bsky.social
@i3h-upenn.bsky.social
December 15, 2025 at 5:11 PM
Further, we use our high-plex data to ask how several clinically important axes of Tfh variation are integrated within single Tfh states, such as polarity (e.g. Tfh1 vs Tfh2 vs Tfh17) and Tem vs Tcm-like phenotypes. If you want to try every scoop in the parlor, these data are for you bit.ly/3MvcjFH
A fresh look at the T helper subset dogma - PubMed
Single-cell sequencing techniques enable the decades-old T helper subset dogma to be approached in an unsupervised manner, bringing nuances to the definition of known subsets, while simultaneously identifying interesting novel cell states.
bit.ly
December 15, 2025 at 5:09 PM
Through reanalysis of published vaccination scRNAseq, rheumatoid arthritis GWAS, and T cell eQTL data, we propose roles for elevated GNG4 expression in human immune health and disease. Here I would like to thank @saorisakaue.bsky.social and colleagues for discussing their study! bit.ly/4pX9bBj
Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses identify novel genetic mechanisms in rheumatoid arthritis - PubMed
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly heritable complex disease with unknown etiology. Multi-ancestry genetic research of RA promises to improve power to detect genetic signals, fine-mapping resolution and performances of polygenic risk scores (PRS). Here, we present a large-scale genome-wide associ …
bit.ly
December 15, 2025 at 5:07 PM
Even more surprising was when Melanie Mumau and the Fajgenbaum Lab approached us with new data from lymph nodes of patients with Castleman disease - in this context, both Tfh positioning and GNG4 expression were highly dysregulated. Check out their preprint for more!

@davidfajgenbaum.bsky.social
December 15, 2025 at 5:06 PM
Using spatially resolved and multimodal single-cell analyses of human tonsil and blood, we unexpectedly converged upon GNG4 as a distinguishing feature of GC-localized Tfh. GNG4 encodes G protein subunit gamma 4, a modulator of GPCR signaling most known for its roles in neurons and cancer biology.
December 15, 2025 at 5:04 PM