Have you tried discarding the computer and getting another?

This is very cool! Totally on board with statement 1, but I'm having trouble fully grasping statement 2, since the contrast of interest does not involve conditioning on G, and S has no backdoor paths to W. Maybe the pipe from C to Ds could be a salient information flow?

So is the relevant observation to make of this model
P(W=yes | do(S = yes) ) vs. P(W = yes | do(S = no))?

I got a good chuckle out of this rather formal rant about difficulty the other week:

(FWIW I've often heard (and agree) that the hardest problem in computer science is naming things, so pretty sure we suck just as much!)

Is that leftmost obscured book a methods book on writing memes? Please say yes, even if it's a lie!

I enjoy this sport (having played as a young'un), but nowadays I call it Helmetball to disambiguate.

There's a Timsort, why not a Bernasort?

Interesting! What's the context, somehow I missed it while I was in Indiana 😂

Ahh! Thanks. I would have expected "second-class" to contrast and first-class (and match Strachey's discussion of the terminology).

What does it mean for a variable to be first *order*? Is it that there are no variable references whose referent can be changed after initialization?

While technically true, I look forward to hearing about how many people receive the signal 😂 (a shame tbh).

Recently I learned that sometimes the axioms aren't enough 😢

(from "When is conditional probability meaningful?" in arxiv.org/pdf/1802.06071)

ONE OF US! ONE OF US! ONE OF US!

Not "can't", but "didn't": so the question is "why not?". In the case of Clojure, you can find some explanation in the HOPL paper:
dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/...

Probably the most relevant part is Section 3.5 (Clojure and the Host), but tail calls are specifically addressed briefly in Section 3.2.3.

I wonder if there is a connection between these ideas and Default Logic :
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Default...

(whenever I see some logic called "non-monotonic" I wonder if there is some structure missing from its formulation that could be judgmentally reconstructed)

Also it should be possible to relate the high-level (cyclic) model to a lower-level (acyclic) model. Recent theoretical work along these lines went by here recently:
bsky.app/profile/p-hu...

While this isn't their point, it helped me to think of adding TC to the "micro" model as well. There it would be a descendant of LDL and HDL, but have no arrow to HD. So if you treat LDL and HDL as unmeasured, you get two common causes of TC and HD, i.e. backdoor paths galore :).