replacing job losses and supporting communities through the transition. A just transition asks: Who benefits, who bears the costs, and who has a voice in shaping the future?

The floor raises the issue of extortion in poor communities in terms of access to electricity. Just transition must include good governance in local government, and address corruption.

Official data sets used for policymaking often fail to capture the reality of people's lives because they focus on formal employment etc. This often excludes women and other vulnerable groups. – Tracy Ledger (PARI)

The just transition is about justice. The recommendation from the ILO is inclusivity according to the needs of the people and various ways in which they are affected by the transition. – Simphiwe Mabhele (ILO)

There is a need to appropriately capacitate local communities to understand the just energy transition, in terms of language, platforms, type of media, etc., taking into account access to the internet and other constraints – Yashila Govender (Seriti)

The political weight of the G20 can support practical implementation beyond the high level discussions. –Alex Benkenstein (SAIIA)

Simphiwe Mabhele (ILO) emphasises effective social dialogue and ownership in the world of work, which should inform the design of decent, quality work programmes. Gender equality and inclusion of vulnerable groups are also important to note.

Yashila Govender (Seriti) emphasises the role of coal in maintaining the dignity in grassroots communities. Communities need adequate communication about the meaning of the just transition. Seriti trains communities around mine closures and the opportunities available to them.

The G20 is a process, not an event. – Alex Benkenstein (SAIIA)

Tracy Ledger (PARI) discusses the cost-benefit analysis, looking at what national expenditure within a constrained fiscus will have the most impactful benefit for the economy, particularly increasing free basic electricity allocations to a level that stimulates development.

The floor raises the question of local participation, ownership and accessible language. Kate Philip points to Komatiepoort, where failed to support the community sufficiently due to lack of local participation.

Commodifying access to electricity is at the heart of the problem. We need to reconceptualise access to (renewable) electricity as a broad benefit to all of society more than just the individual, in the same way as access to education. – Tracy Ledger (PARI)

We must recognise previous failures of public works programmes in other parts of the world, and design our programmes with quality and social value for young people in mind. – Kate Philip (Presidential Employment Stimulus)

Green electricity is not necessarily affordable. How do we reimagine making services available to poor households to ensure inclusion? – Lebogang Mulaisi (Presidential Climate Commission)

Affordable access to electricity is fundamental to supporting local job creation and micro businesses. It is also correlated to food security. 40% of all households cannot afford to pay anything for electricity. This is a global South issue that must be taken into account. – Tracy Ledger (PARI)

A core part of the challenge is the jobs that will be lost or affected. A key focus of policy must be supporting the direct and indirect losses to wages, contracts and the local economy. Public employment programmes are a crucial part. – Kate Philip (Presidential Employment Stimulus)

The transition is not just about technology, but it is fundamentally about equity. The transition journey and the transition destination must visualise the kind of society we are trying to create, beyond lowering emissions. – Tracy Ledger (PARI)

Who benefits? Who bears the costs? and Who has a voice in shaping the future? A whole-of-society just transition incorporates these and restores dignity and oppportunities to marginalised groups. It has equality and redistribution at its core. – Lebogang Mulaisi (Presidential Climate Commission)