Most carbonylation sites were observed in human serum albumin (HSA) at few modification hotspots, showing selectivity in modification and alluding to the antioxidant potential of HSA. Deeper proteome coverage will have to be achieved by exploring depletion techniques in the future.

No significant differences were found with respect to site abundance in between healthy individuals and patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. However, these PTMs could be detected in the majority of donors, highlighting an important milestone in the robust detection of protein carbonylation.

The combined used of IMS, DDA, DIA, and peptide centrict analysis with Skyline was essential for robust detection and discovery of unknown carbonylation products. All filtered Skyline documents and MS data can be found in: panoramaweb.org/HumanSerumCa...

I would bet on MZmine for performance (I keep postponing getting to it). But the biggest challenge might be the learning curve and requirement of scripting to combine output with IDs (e.g. proteomics applications).