You’ll be missed!

Eg, if someone always has low values for emotion and impulsivity, with a person-specific cutoff of 85%, they would still have 15% “intense” values even though they never reported truly intense emotion/impulsivity.

It would also be cool to look at different thresholds for emotion and impulsivity.

Thank you! In our exploratory analyses in the first sample (the other five were preregistered), we tried person-specific thresholds but the direction of correlations was reversed. Person-specific cutoffs remove individual differences and the core question here is an individual differences one.

Thanks for reading along! Feel free to reach out with any thoughts and questions. 13/13

Huge thanks to a great team @drsarahsperry.bsky.social,
@kevinmking.bsky.social and my advisor
@aidangcw.bsky.social! This was my first project as a grad student and it was an awesome learning experience! 12/n

These findings have implications for the measurement of momentary urgency, and potentially for the articulation of other intense and dynamic events in the moment, such as binge drinking, suicidality, and reactivity. 11/n

Our results (summarized in the table below) suggest that the cooccurrence of intense instances of emotion and impulsivity was more strongly associated with trait scores of urgency and impulsivity relative to the traditional emotion-impulsivity covariance approach. 10/n

With ecological momentary assessment data from five preregistered samples and one exploratory sample, we proposed, and found support for, an alternative approach to more adequately capture urgency in the moment. 9/n

Would we really want to say that Person A was highly urgent and Person B was not? 8/n

In contrast, take Person B, whose reports of emotion and impulsivity are highly variable. Although they often report intense emotion and impulsivity that frequently cooccur, due to the irregularity of scores, they would have a relatively weaker emotion-impulsivity correlation. 7/n

Take Person A, whose reports of momentary impulsivity and emotion always hover in the low range near zero. To the extent that they fluctuate together, this person would have a strong covariance of emotion and impulsivity even though their reports never enter the intense range. 6/n

Let’s look at an example in the figure below. 5/n

More recent work studying urgency in the moment as the covariation of emotion and impulsivity has largely found small, nonsignificant associations with trait scores of urgency. Why might that be? 4/n

Urgency is a facet of impulsivity defined as the tendency to engage in rash action when experiencing strong emotions. Although urgency is defined as a dynamic, if-then process, the bulk of past work has used cross-sectional dispositional measures to study urgency. 3/n

Data from 1,186 participants across six independent samples suggested that the cooccurrence of intense instances of momentary emotion and impulsivity may be a better articulation of momentary urgency than the commonly used emotion-impulsivity covariation approach. 2/n

Thank you!