charleslister1.bsky.social
@charleslister1.bsky.social
It's been an overwhelming trip across #Syria & this 🧵 offers just a snapshot & a few opening thoughts. More will come in the next days & weeks.

Ultimately, #Syria feels like it's being reborn from more than 50yrs of hell. It deserves our help to recover.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
At the end of the day, the effects of #Syria's 13+yrs of conflict can't be understated -- the destruction, the death, the missing, the debilitating economic collapse, the humanitarian crisis...

The list of needs is immeasurable & the clock is ticking.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
#Aleppo is a completely different experience to #Damascus -- much, much quieter & almost no air pollution.

Locals were universally thrilled at #Assad's departure and hopeful that despite the SYP's challenges, the local economy was recovering its confidence.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
But this balancing act isn't easy. He needs to broaden his cabinet & while there are plans to do so, some within his #HTS base are *sharply* opposed.

While most sanctions remain, his base is also questioning if his pragmatism is working with external actors.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
The clear success resulting from his pragmatic posture has won him significant popular support -- I saw repeatedly people trying to sell revolutionary flags with his face on them, even though they've been made illegal.

He's become a celebrity, as has his wife.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
In #Damascus, Ahmed al-Sharaa has a complex balance to tow -- with jihadi factions in #Idlib, military hardliners in the command, #Syria's diverse social fabric & the international community.

It's an almost impossible challenge, getting harder by the day.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
#Suwayda's main armed factions - Rijal al-Karama & Ahrar Jabal - were invited to Ahmed al-Sharaa's Jan 29 victory speech, but weren't told what it was for. They left before entering, after discovering its purpose.

#Druze-#SDF contact is constant & high-level.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
A visit to #Suwayda served as a reminder of the governorate's unique status -- no checkpoints, almost no destruction, a thriving civil society & a clear desire to maintain its special status in the new #Syria.

Trust in #HTS was low, but there was respect.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
Sanctions, sanctions, sanctions.

I can't understate the centrality of this issue, as #Syria celebrates freedom & yearns to recover. External restrictions make no sense, burn trust & risk triggering serious unrest & eventually, a new chapter of conflict.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
I met countless Syrian businessmen desperate to invest, who insisted that US waivers made little practical difference to their ability to do so.

Regional states' desire to invest even more have also slowed, prompted by concerns of #Trump's unknown position.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
While the euphoria resulting from #Assad's fall continues to feed Syrian patience amid economic collapse & humanitarian struggles, that patience won't last forever.

Sanctions remain *THE* obstacle to an urgent need for economic investment & gradual recovery.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
Despite #HTS effectively running the show in #Damascus, almost everyone I spoke to was supportive of the caretaker government -- and *especially* of Ahmed al-Sharaa. His "soft" & "patriotic" rhetoric has clearly won him a huge expansion of respect & support.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
The caretaker gov't - with #Turkey's backing - is determined to take the fight to #ISIS, takeover management of the prisons & camps and to rehabilitate & resettle 1,000s of Syrians in al-Hol.

"At least 8" #ISIS plots have been foiled since Jan 1, I was told.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
The US military also green-lighted the Syrian Free Army's (based in al-Tanf) attendance at Ahmed al-Sharaa's Jan 29 "victory" speech to military factions.

"Frequent" CENTCOM-#Damascus contact is now the norm & intelligence contacts continue, also.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
#SDF-#Damascus talks continue & the US military is playing a direct role in encouraging them to move forward. An "American General" attends most of the talks in al-Dumayr Airbase & elsewhere; & the US is pushing the #SDF to make a deal, I was repeatedly told.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
One thing that struck me the most was how local residents & civil society figures in every part of #Syria I visited were *unanimous* that the #SDF was a "problem" that urgently needed "fixing" -- an "occupier" seeking to divide, steal or destabilize #Syria.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
~400,000 people, many from #Latakia & #Tartus have since been severed from their work -- most for 3-month investigations. Locals complained not of the firings themselves, but the lack of alternative work, warning that young men will turn to criminality w/o it.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM
#Syria's new caretaker gov't has found that ~30% of the public sector were "ghost" employees or loyalists rewarded with multiple salaries. Some village medical clinics in #Latakia had 150+ "security guards", each paid a salary, but none ever present at work.
February 7, 2025 at 5:14 PM