Integrating our discoveries, we came up with a new model for nucleolar phase boundary maintenance, in which both the abundance and processing state of rRNA📊 dictate the multiphase arrangement within this fascinating condensate (9/10).

These observations led us to hypothesize that sequential cleavage inhibition💊 (invert & push apart DFCs from GC) followed by transcription inhibition💊 (restore DFC-GC interface) could phenocopy the flower 🌸 morphology. This is indeed what we (and Deep-Phase) saw! (8/10)

We then conduct mechanistic studies 🔎 to find that beyond its recognized role in resolving supercoiling, TOP1 is also involved in rRNA processing! Its inhibition causes rRNA cleavage defects and a drop in transcription of large ribosomal subunit precursors ❌🏭. (7/10)

To test the utility of Deep-Phase, we conduct a small molecule screen and uncover a unique nucleolar morphology: the "flower" 🌸! This phenotype, where the DFC-GC interface is maintained but inverted, arises specifically upon DNA Topoisomerase I (TOP1) depletion. (6/10)

Not just nucleoli! We extend Deep-Phase to nuclear splicing speckles✂️ as well as RSV viral cytoplasmic factories🦠, showing that condensate morphology alterations are a quantitative fingerprint of the degree of RNA biochemistry disruptions within them. (5/10)

In doing so, we measure dose-response curves from images and demonstrate that they match IC50 values from biochemical experiments: nucleolar morphology becomes a quantitative readout of potencies of drugs that alter ribosome biogenesis! 📉➡️📈 (4/10)

We developed Deep-Phase, an automated imaging and deep neural network-based framework that accurately tracks these changes over treatment times⏲️and concentrations📶 directly from images (no hand-picked features) (3/10).

Cells organize key processes in biomolecular condensates, such as the multiphase nucleolus where ribosomes are made 🏭. Due to its dynamic and compartmentalized nature, small molecule perturbations of this process💊 lead to fast and distinct morphology rearrangements🌀. (2/10)

Integrating our discoveries, we came up with a new model for nucleolar phase boundary maintenance, in which both the abundance and processing state of rRNA📊 dictate the multiphase arrangement within this fascinating condensate. (9/10)

These observations led us to hypothesize that sequential cleavage inhibition💊 (invert & push apart DFCs from GC) followed by transcription inhibition💊 (restore DFC-GC interface) could phenocopy the flower 🌸 morphology. This is indeed what we (and Deep-Phase) saw! (8/10)

We then conduct mechanistic studies 🔎 to find that beyond its recognized role in resolving supercoiling, TOP1 is also involved in rRNA processing! Its inhibition causes rRNA cleavage defects and a drop in transcription of large ribosomal subunit precursors ❌🏭. (7/10)

To test the utility of Deep-Phase, we conduct a small molecule screen to uncover a unique nucleolar morphology: the "flower" 🌸! This phenotype, where the DFC-GC interface is maintained but inverted, arises specifically upon DNA Topoisomerase I (TOP1) depletion. (6/10)

Not just nucleoli! We extend Deep-Phase to nuclear splicing speckles✂️ as well as RSV viral cytoplasmic factories🦠, showing that condensate morphology alterations are a quantitative fingerprint of the degree of RNA biochemistry disruptions within them. (5/10)

In doing so, we measure dose-response curves from images and demonstrate that they match IC50 values from biochemical experiments: nucleolar morphology becomes a quantitative readout of potencies of drugs that alter ribosome biogenesis! 📉➡️📈 (4/10)

We developed Deep-Phase, an automated imaging and deep neural network-based framework that accurately tracks these changes over treatment times⏲️ and concentrations📶 directly from images (no hand-picked features).(3/10)

Cells organize key processes in biomolecular condensates, such as the multiphase nucleolus where ribosomes are made 🏭. Due to its dynamic and compartmentalized nature, small molecule perturbations of this process💊 lead to fast and distinct morphology rearrangements🌀. (2/10)