Jos otetaan huomioon myös historia ennen ihmistä, niin hapen aiheuttama massasukupuutto yli 2 miljardia vuotta sitten nostaisi hapen varmaan aika korkealle. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_O...

The revised calculation regarding overestimated present-day forest-area for Sland makes sense. Could you just calculate Sland in a simpler way as a difference between
S3 and a simulation with historical changes in land cover and harvest rates but climate, N inputs and CO2 from preindustrial?

Wow! For long I have been thinking that such a coupled model would be cool, but I haven't come up with good set of research questions for it to write a proposal. I also have had spatial model in mind, but it's probably wise to start with an aggregated model.

For nature and hiking, I would also suggest BC. Based on one short visit, Vancouver was also very nice city with beautiful views on the sea and mountains and functional transport system. As a city, Montreal was a great place to live, but Quebec's nature was quite similar to Finland.

Thanks for the clarification! I appreciate the character limits, but I think it's good to include the assumption of current policies when giving the 97% certainty. It's important to also communicate that 2 °C is still (likely) avoidable if we implement proper mitigation policies.

Does the crossing of 2 °C with 97% certainty assume continuation of current policy? I could not quickly find the original estimate. I would assume that there is a better chance to avoid crossing 2 °C if policies are made more stringent.

Joo, jos päästöt olisivat 90-luvulta vähentyneet eikä kasvaneet, niin tilanne olisi tosiaan huomattavasti parempi.

Tässä tietääkseni ensimmäinen julkaisu (v. 2008), jossa todettiin että CO₂-päästöt pitää saada nollaan: agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....

Lisävaikeutena on ollut, että ilmastotieteessäkin on vasta viimeisen 15 vuoden ajan tullut selväksi, että fossiiliset päästöt pitää saada (netto)nollaan. Aiemmin puhuttiin käsittääkseni enemmän lähinnä päästövähennyksistä, ja poliittiset toimet (ja osittain tavoitteetkin vielä) heijastavat tätä.