Climate change is reshaping insect biodiversity and abundance, but little is known about its effect on agriculture. Here, we explored leafhoppers, a group of insect pests and disease vectors, as sentinels of the effect of climate change on agriculture. Our findings suggest that leafhoppers, highly susceptible to climate change effects, can provide insights into their impact on aspects such as migratory patterns, diversity, disease dynamics, and insecticide resistance. This study will contribute to ensure food security and sustainable agricultural practices.