IPSO - International Programme on the State of the Ocean
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IPSO - International Programme on the State of the Ocean
@oceanipso.bsky.social
Bridging Science and Policy for a Healthy Ocean 🌊 https://stateoftheocean.org
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🦋 For those new to BlueSky, let us introduce ourselves:

The International Programme on the State of the Ocean (IPSO) brings together science, communications, policy, and legal disciplines to drive ocean solutions.
While the International Year of Glaciers' Preservation comes to an end, a study finds buoyant meltwater plumes from Greenland's most active glacier boost summer primary production by up to 40%.

This lifts annual CO₂ uptake by only about 3%, as warmer upwelled waters hold less gas. #IYGP2025
Greenland Glacier Melt Boosts Coastal Productivity
In a significant revelation for climate science and marine ecology, a research team led by Wood, Carroll, and Fenty has unveiled findings that link the accelerated melting of Greenland's most
scienmag.com
December 29, 2025 at 4:05 PM
Season's Greetings from the ocean! 🌊🎄

Many marine species display colours, patterns and forms that echo the winter season: https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/fish/happy-holidays-ocean @smithsonianmag.bsky.social

📷 Christmas Tree Worms photographed by Nick Hobgood @amphibiologist.bsky.social
December 23, 2025 at 4:12 PM
Most #BlueCarbon in mangrove, saltmarsh and seagrass soils comes from elsewhere (drifting seaweed, plankton and land plants), not just the local vegetation.

Authors of this study outline a roadmap to improve tracing and seascape-wide management to protect and enhance this coastal carbon storage.
Tracing Blue Carbon Flows Across Diverse Seascapes
Plants occupying coastal wetlands draw in carbon dioxide from the air and water to grow plant tissues via photosynthesis, some of which is buried under the soil where it is sequestered from the atmos...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com
December 22, 2025 at 4:10 PM
🪱 Trawl and DNA surveys along Japanese and Kuril–Kamchatka trenches uncovered 30 #deepsea ribbon-worm species.

23 taxa appear undescribed, dramatically expanding knowledge of their diversity and distribution. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967063725001074
Deep-sea nemerteans collected along the Japan Trench and the southern Kuril-Kamchatka Trench onboard the R/V Hakuho-maru with descriptions of two new species in Hoplonemertea
A total of 80 nemertean specimens, representing 30 putative species, were obtained from the trawled material collected along the Japan Trench (JT) and…
www.sciencedirect.com
December 19, 2025 at 4:15 PM
Mesopelagic fishes, found in the deep sea, produce and excrete intestinal carbonate at rates expected from size and temperature, confirming their role as major carbonate sources at depth, with implications for the global #CarbonCycle. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/07/250726234426.htm
Deep-sea fish just changed what we know about Earth’s carbon cycle
Mesopelagic fish, long overlooked in ocean chemistry, are now proven to excrete carbonate minerals much like their shallow-water counterparts—despite living in dark, high-pressure depths. Using the de...
www.sciencedaily.com
December 18, 2025 at 4:48 PM
Reposted by IPSO - International Programme on the State of the Ocean
Recent research reveals that deep-sea mining could dramatically threaten 30 species of sharks, rays, and ghost sharks whose habitats overlap with proposed mining zones, further endangering species already at risk of extinction.

Read more in Science Daily: https://ow.ly/CtSN50XG94U
December 18, 2025 at 8:10 AM
🌡️ New temperature records show the East #Antarctic interior is warming rapidly, especially from October to March.

This is linked to rising sea temperatures in the southern Indian Ocean, highlighting how remote ocean changes can drive polar climate shifts. #ClimateChange
@en.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Summer warming in the East Antarctic interior triggered by southern Indian Ocean warming - Nature Communications
This study shows that over the past three decades, the interior of East Antarctica has experienced significant warming due to changes in atmospheric circulation, which are attributed to warming in the...
www.nature.com
December 17, 2025 at 4:11 PM
Reposted by IPSO - International Programme on the State of the Ocean
My pick of a Top-10 list of insightful climate science papers of 2025.
It’s been a very busy year with a huge amount of top quality, well considered and executed, peer reviewed research.
drtomharris.substack.com/p/my-top-10-...

#climatechange #research #globalwarming
My Top-10 pick of insightful climate papers of 2025
For my last article of 2025, I thought I’d look back over the climate change, paleoclimate, impacts, solutions and science papers that I found most fascinating this year. Here are my Top-10.
drtomharris.substack.com
December 17, 2025 at 9:22 AM
#COP30 delivered climate finance and adaptation progress but no #FossilFuel phase-out plan, leaving ambition far behind science.

Here are some of the outcomes from the UN climate summit in Belém, Brazil.

Editorial by @meghier.bsky.social and @jeff-tollefson.bsky.social ↩️ #ClimateScience
What happened at COP30? 4 science take-homes from the climate summit
COP30 negotiated efforts to protect forests and ramp up financial packages for climate action, but with one glaring omission: a road map to cut fossil fuels.
www.nature.com
December 16, 2025 at 3:53 PM
🌊 Scientists document 60 years of ocean change: compound changes in ocean temperature, salinity, oxygen and pH have already emerged across much of the global ocean, intensifying with depth and clustering in key ecological and economic regions, including high-seas carbon sinks and major fisheries.
60 Years of Massive, Deep Ocean Changes Observed
In an unprecedented study spanning over six decades, researchers have documented profound and intertwined changes occurring across the global ocean’s physical and chemical states. This comprehensive a
scienmag.com
December 15, 2025 at 3:53 PM
Today marks 10 years since the #ParisAgreement. With 2024 as the hottest year yet, both 1.5°C & 2°C goals are at risk.

@natsustain.nature.com urge a shift from negotiation to implementation.

Clean energy investment remains at the top of commitments, and social responsibility gets recognised. ↩️
A delivery agenda on climate change - Nature Sustainability
Ten years after the adoption of the Paris Agreement, the climate crisis is escalating. It is time for world leaders to confront the reality of a warming planet with pragmatism and actions.
www.nature.com
December 12, 2025 at 4:11 PM
A record #MarineHeatwave in 2024 wiped out most fire coral across US Virgin Islands reefs.

Once dominant & considered resilient, 𝘔𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘢 suffered massive mortality, pushing reefs further toward algal dominance & weakening future recovery prospects. https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2518506122
Marine heatwave decimates fire coral populations in the Caribbean
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans...
www.pnas.org
December 11, 2025 at 4:51 PM
A new AI method maps coastal CO₂ exchange globally by combining satellite data and millions of field measurements.

This approach fills key data gaps, improving climate models and our understanding of the coastal ocean’s role in the carbon cycle. #CCS @roobaertalizee.bsky.social
Mapping the global coastal ocean with AI: Artificial neural networks can help better constrain the global carbon cycle in shallow seas
Artificial neural networks can help better constrain the global carbon cycle in shallow seas
www.science.org
December 10, 2025 at 9:26 PM
Rising CO₂ + ocean acidification could reshape #CoralReefs worldwide.

From rich, complex ecosystems to simpler, algae and rubble-dominated seascapes, this suggests that many global reefs may lose their structural complexity, biodiversity & capacity to support marine life. @fab-coral.bsky.social
Volcanic bubbles in Papua New Guinea a window into coral’s future - Oceanographic
Natural CO₂ seeps in Papua New Guinea reveal how rising emissions may reshape reefs by 2100, leading to fewer corals and more fleshy algae.
oceanographicmagazine.com
December 9, 2025 at 3:50 PM
Reposted by IPSO - International Programme on the State of the Ocean
Caribbean reefs have lost 48% of hard coral since 1980, study finds: ‘Destructive’ marine heatwaves driving loss of microalgae that feed coral, says Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network Caribbean reefs have half as much hard coral now as they did in 1980, a study has found. The 48% decre...
Caribbean reefs have lost 48% of hard coral since 1980, study finds
Caribbean reefs have lost 48% of hard coral since 1980, study finds: ‘Destructive’ marine heatwaves driving loss of microalgae that feed coral, says Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network Caribbean reefs have half as much hard coral now as they did in 1980, a study has found. The 48% decre...
www.theguardian.com
December 9, 2025 at 6:08 AM
#SeaLevelRise won’t be the same everywhere.

New study led by @scienceshaina.bsky.social shows melting Antarctic ice will raise sea levels more in distant coastal regions and island nations than near Antarctica itself, due to changes in gravity and ocean redistribution.

#ClimateScience
Sea level doesn’t rise at the same rate everywhere – we mapped where Antarctica’s ice melt would have the biggest impact
Understanding what happens to Antarctica’s ice matters, because as it melts, sea levels rise, affecting lives and economies around the world.
theconversation.com
December 8, 2025 at 3:53 PM
🌊 The Arctic is changing fast.

Retreating sea ice and warmer Atlantic waters are shifting north, boosting dense water formation.

This helps keep the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (#AMOC) flowing, even as other regions slow down. #ClimateChange
Collapse of key Atlantic currents may be held off by newly-discovered back-up system, study finds
Rising temperatures in the North Atlantic are slowing vital currents, but a new process in the Arctic could save the day, scientists say.
www.inkl.com
December 5, 2025 at 4:11 PM
#WorldWildlifeConservationDay is a reminder that protecting ocean life is essential to planetary stability.

🦈 #Sharks are declining due to overfishing, illegal trade, and habitat loss. Many species now sit at the brink, despite their critical role in maintaining balanced, functioning food webs.
December 4, 2025 at 4:45 PM
#MarineHeatwaves can disrupt organism development by altering the time between life stages.

Even moderate but prolonged heat can shift the timing of key life stages, risking failed reproduction and population decline.
@sosbangor.bsky.social
@awi.de
Marine heatwaves impact organism developmental time - Communications Earth & Environment
Marine heatwaves impact organisms’ developmental time, which alters phenology and creates trophic and environmental mismatches, according to a framework examines different scenarios for understanding ...
www.nature.com
December 3, 2025 at 7:42 PM
Seabirds can help support #CoralReef biodiversity and resilience.

Nutrient inputs from seabirds affect the feeding strategies and physical traits of reef fishes, enriching reef waters with nitrogen and phosphorus.
@lljeannot.bsky.social
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2025.0539
Seabird-derived nutrients influence feeding pathways and body size in cryptobenthic reef fishes | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Cross-ecosystem nutrient transfer can enhance coral reef functioning in an otherwise oligotrophic environment. While the influence of seabird-derived nutrients on coral reef organisms is increasingly recognized, how they are integrated into reef food we...
royalsocietypublishing.org
December 2, 2025 at 3:54 PM
Antarctica remains one of Earth's last wilderness areas, but it is under increasing pressure from human activities.

On #AntarcticaDay, a few scientific studies remind us of the importance of urgent protection for this fragile continent. 🧵

📷 Kimberley Collins
December 1, 2025 at 3:46 PM
🌊 This #BlueFriday, we’re choosing to value what truly sustains us: the ocean.

Today is a reminder that healthy seas regulate our climate, generate oxygen, and support life on Earth. Protecting the ocean is essential for a stable planet.

#OceanConservation #BluePlanet
November 28, 2025 at 4:14 PM
Global ocean governance could benefit from giving non-state actors a stronger role in international rule-making, this study states.

The IUCN is a case study of an active contributor to shaping ocean law by bridging governments and civil society, but it lacks effectiveness and enforcement power.
Frontiers | A new horizon for rule-making in global ocean governance? Reflections on the IUCN’s contributions and limitations
As traditional risks in global ocean governance continue to deteriorate and new challenges emerge, the state-centered pattern of the international rule-makin...
www.frontiersin.org
November 27, 2025 at 4:54 PM
#PlasticPollution has reached every corner of our planet.

Even remote areas like the Chagos Archipelago and Madagascar show contamination, revealing the widespread nature of marine plastic pollution. @margotthb.bsky.social

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-02893-0
Concentration gradient of plastic debris larger than 500 μm detected across the Southwest Indian ocean - Scientific Reports
Scientific Reports - Concentration gradient of plastic debris larger than 500 μm detected across the Southwest Indian ocean
www.nature.com
November 26, 2025 at 9:09 PM
Reposted by IPSO - International Programme on the State of the Ocean
Antarctica’s melt affects everybody but won’t hit every coastline the same.

New maps show where seas could rise the fastest, and why millions of coastal residents should pay attention now 🌊
Sea level doesn’t rise at the same rate everywhere – we mapped where Antarctica’s ice melt would have the biggest impact
Understanding what happens to Antarctica’s ice matters, because as it melts, sea levels rise, affecting lives and economies around the world.
buff.ly
November 26, 2025 at 7:48 AM