The dorsal horn of the mammalian spinal cord is organized into laminae where each layer is populated by different neuron types, has distinctive circuit connections, and plays specialized roles in beha...

The thermosensory system across insects and mammals has shared principles of neuronal wiring and encoding. In this Review, Carta, Vestergaard and Poulet discuss how the nervous systems of insects and ...

Our Group Our newly established research group at ISTA is seeking a postdoctoral researcher to work on an ERC-funded project- HypoAdapt. We study how the brain controls bodily responses to environm...

We appoint researchers from across biology and biomedicine to set up their first groups at the Crick.

John Gurdon is at the Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Institute of Cancer and Developmental Biology in Cambridge. Educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, he changed from classics to zoology. Dur...

Toscano et al. identify glutamatergic Pitx2+ V0 ascending neurons (V0g-aNs) that receive input from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-contacting neurons and target spinal premotor and motor neurons. Eliminati...

One of the most devastating diseases finally has a treatment that can slow its progression and transform lives, tearful doctors tell BBC.

A high-bandwidth neuromotor interface offers performant out-of-the-box generalization across people.

Successful movement requires continuous adjustments in response to changes in internal and external environments. To do so, neural circuits continuously compare efference copies of motor commands with sensory input to respond to sensory prediction errors. Some responses need to be very fast and, for limbs, likely occur in as yet undefined spinal cord circuits. Here, we describe spinal circuits involving dI3 neurons, showing that they receive multimodal sensory inputs and direct efferent copies from both Renshaw cells and motor neurons. We further show that they form connections to motor pools, including diverging connections to antagonist motor nuclei. Reducing dI3 neuronal activity diminished stumbling responses, as did disrupting Renshaw cell circuits, providing evidence for a comparator role of dI3 neurons for online corrections. Together, our findings reveal a pivotal role for dI3 neurons functioning as comparators of internal predictions and external sensory feedback to mediate rapid corrections of ongoing movements. ### Competing Interest Statement Robert M. Brownstone is a co-founder and director of Sania Therapeutics Inc. Wellcome Trust, https://ror.org/029chgv08, 221610/Z/20/Z, 227433/Z/23/Z, 225674/Z/22/Z Royal Society, NIF\R1\192316 Canadian Institutes of Health Research, https://ror.org/01gavpb45, PJT 180556, PJT 162357 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, BB/S005943/1