Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 07 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00940-2In this Tools of the Trade article, Yi and Mamalis (Gilbert and Davis labs) discuss the development of Di-Gembodies, innovative constructs designed to overcome key challenges in applying cryo-electron microscopy to small proteins that are otherwise difficult to resolve.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 09 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00944-yUFMylation, a ubiquitin-like modification, regulates endoplasmic reticulum-associated ribosome quality control by conjugating UFM1 to the ribosomal subunit RPL26, preserving ribosome integrity under stress. This Review explores the structural basis of UFMylation and its emerging functional breadth, and it discusses putative UFMylation substrates.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 06 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00936-yClonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is an ageing-related condition associated with a substantial fraction of leukocytes descending from a single somatically mutated haematopoietic stem cell. This Review discusses the molecular and cellular mechanisms that cause CHIP, its interplay with inflammageing, and the pathophysiological consequences and translational implications for older individuals.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 05 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00943-zA study that showed that programmed DNA elimination in somatic genomes of ciliates involves excision of intrusive, transposon-derived sequences from genes.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 05 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00942-0This Review discusses recent advances and key challenges in the development of human stem cell-based embryo models, and highlights their applications in fundamental biology and translational potential while emphasizing the importance of ethical frameworks and public engagement.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 07 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00940-2In this Tools of the Trade article, Yi and Mamalis (Gilbert and Davis labs) discuss the development of Di-Gembodies, innovative constructs designed to overcome key challenges in applying cryo-electron microscopy to small proteins that are otherwise difficult to resolve.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 06 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00936-yClonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is an ageing-related condition associated with a substantial fraction of leukocytes descending from a single somatically mutated haematopoietic stem cell. This Review discusses the molecular and cellular mechanisms that cause CHIP, its interplay with inflammageing, and the pathophysiological consequences and translational implications for older individuals.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 05 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00943-zA study that showed that programmed DNA elimination in somatic genomes of ciliates involves excision of intrusive, transposon-derived sequences from genes.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 02 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00933-1Cohesin complexes regulate genome architecture through DNA loop extrusion and sister chromatid cohesion. The Review discusses how these two cohesin activities mediate the organization of replicated chromosomes and their segregation in mitosis and meiosis, DNA break repair, and age-related aneuploidy in oocytes.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 02 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00922-4Extracellular vesicles are released from almost all cell types and mediate intercellular communication by delivering proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. This Review examines extracellular vesicle uptake by recipient cells, their effects on signalling and their therapeutic potential and limitations.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 02 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00918-0Classical computing has inherent limitations in capturing cellular dynamics. This Roadmap article discusses how recent advancements in quantum computing could overcome bottlenecks in spatiotemporal single-cell omics analyses and how it may be integrated into cell-based therapeutics.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 05 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00942-0This Review discusses recent advances and key challenges in the development of human stem cell-based embryo models, and highlights their applications in fundamental biology and translational potential while emphasizing the importance of ethical frameworks and public engagement.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 02 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00933-1Cohesin complexes regulate genome architecture through DNA loop extrusion and sister chromatid cohesion. The Review discusses how these two cohesin activities mediate the organization of replicated chromosomes and their segregation in mitosis and meiosis, DNA break repair, and age-related aneuploidy in oocytes.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 02 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00922-4Extracellular vesicles are released from almost all cell types and mediate intercellular communication by delivering proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. This Review examines extracellular vesicle uptake by recipient cells, their effects on signalling and their therapeutic potential and limitations.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 02 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00918-0Classical computing has inherent limitations in capturing cellular dynamics. This Roadmap article discusses how recent advancements in quantum computing could overcome bottlenecks in spatiotemporal single-cell omics analyses and how it may be integrated into cell-based therapeutics.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 08 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00941-1Jamieson and colleagues report the effects of spaceflight on haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells isolated from astronauts.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 08 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00941-1Jamieson and colleagues report the effects of spaceflight on haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells isolated from astronauts.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 05 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00937-xTarget-directed miRNA degradation through interaction with non-coding parts of mRNAs is required for proper mammalian development.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 04 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00938-wThe transmembrane protein lunpark is enriched at endoplasmic reticulum junctions where it acts as an organization hub, integrating translation initiation control with nutrient sensing through association with lysosomes.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 04 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00939-9Following skin injury, macrophages infiltrate the adipose tissue, promoting adipocyte lipolysis, and the released fatty acids induce hair regrowth by activating hair follicle stem cells.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 05 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00937-xTarget-directed miRNA degradation through interaction with non-coding parts of mRNAs is required for proper mammalian development.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 04 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00938-wThe transmembrane protein lunpark is enriched at endoplasmic reticulum junctions where it acts as an organization hub, integrating translation initiation control with nutrient sensing through association with lysosomes.

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Published online: 04 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41580-025-00939-9Following skin injury, macrophages infiltrate the adipose tissue, promoting adipocyte lipolysis, and the released fatty acids induce hair regrowth by activating hair follicle stem cells.