The Analyst
@militaryanalyst.bsky.social
Military analyst, economist, historian, enemy of dictators everywhere. Advisor to governments. ‘Devils Advocate Services’. 🇺🇦🏳️🌈🇬🇧
AVAILABLE ON: TheMilitaryAnalyst.com
AVAILABLE ON: TheMilitaryAnalyst.com
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THE ‘STAN’ GAMBIT: RUSSIAN POWER FADES AWAY
Russia expanded control over Kazakhstan during the 18th and 19th centuries, leading to its incorporation into the USSR. After gaining independence in 1991, Kazakhstan now diversifies geopolitical relations away from Russia, seeking partnerships with the U.S. amid Russia's declining influence.
themilitaryanalyst.com
Russia expanded control over Kazakhstan during the 18th and 19th centuries, leading to its incorporation into the USSR. After gaining independence in 1991, Kazakhstan now diversifies geopolitical relations away from Russia, seeking partnerships with the U.S. amid Russia's declining influence.
RUSSIA BRINGS BACK THE PLOT OF FIREFOX
A splendid Cold War era movie that stars Clint Eastwood, as a Russian speaking and thinking American pilot who is smuggled into the Soviet Union to steal their latest super fighter that used thought to control its weapons.
The aircraft is ludicrous and so
A splendid Cold War era movie that stars Clint Eastwood, as a Russian speaking and thinking American pilot who is smuggled into the Soviet Union to steal their latest super fighter that used thought to control its weapons.
The aircraft is ludicrous and so
November 11, 2025 at 11:35 AM
RUSSIA BRINGS BACK THE PLOT OF FIREFOX
A splendid Cold War era movie that stars Clint Eastwood, as a Russian speaking and thinking American pilot who is smuggled into the Soviet Union to steal their latest super fighter that used thought to control its weapons.
The aircraft is ludicrous and so
A splendid Cold War era movie that stars Clint Eastwood, as a Russian speaking and thinking American pilot who is smuggled into the Soviet Union to steal their latest super fighter that used thought to control its weapons.
The aircraft is ludicrous and so
THE FEEDBACK LOOP
Swedish arms manufacturers have stated that Ukrainian use of Swedish systems in the field has saved millions in research and years of time, as they learn what they improve and even what they can remove if it becomes unhelpful or redundant.
It’s similar for almost all the
Swedish arms manufacturers have stated that Ukrainian use of Swedish systems in the field has saved millions in research and years of time, as they learn what they improve and even what they can remove if it becomes unhelpful or redundant.
It’s similar for almost all the
November 11, 2025 at 11:02 AM
THE FEEDBACK LOOP
Swedish arms manufacturers have stated that Ukrainian use of Swedish systems in the field has saved millions in research and years of time, as they learn what they improve and even what they can remove if it becomes unhelpful or redundant.
It’s similar for almost all the
Swedish arms manufacturers have stated that Ukrainian use of Swedish systems in the field has saved millions in research and years of time, as they learn what they improve and even what they can remove if it becomes unhelpful or redundant.
It’s similar for almost all the
UKRAINE REQUESTS TO BUY AS MANY AS 25 PATRIOT SYSTEMS
I’m not sure this is such a good idea. Expensive and substantial as they are, the latest versions are clearly being outfoxed in the missile interception game. As blanket air defence with long range they do have value against Russian air forces.
I’m not sure this is such a good idea. Expensive and substantial as they are, the latest versions are clearly being outfoxed in the missile interception game. As blanket air defence with long range they do have value against Russian air forces.
November 11, 2025 at 10:44 AM
UKRAINE REQUESTS TO BUY AS MANY AS 25 PATRIOT SYSTEMS
I’m not sure this is such a good idea. Expensive and substantial as they are, the latest versions are clearly being outfoxed in the missile interception game. As blanket air defence with long range they do have value against Russian air forces.
I’m not sure this is such a good idea. Expensive and substantial as they are, the latest versions are clearly being outfoxed in the missile interception game. As blanket air defence with long range they do have value against Russian air forces.
SAUDI ARABIA AND OPEC INCREASE OIL OUTPUT: RUSSIA FURIOUS
Russians reeling from another Saudi decision to reduce prices and increase production at least until the end of the first quarter of 2026. With oil prices already collapsing at $63pb - Russia can only sell its crude at around £53 but it’s
Russians reeling from another Saudi decision to reduce prices and increase production at least until the end of the first quarter of 2026. With oil prices already collapsing at $63pb - Russia can only sell its crude at around £53 but it’s
November 11, 2025 at 7:10 AM
SAUDI ARABIA AND OPEC INCREASE OIL OUTPUT: RUSSIA FURIOUS
Russians reeling from another Saudi decision to reduce prices and increase production at least until the end of the first quarter of 2026. With oil prices already collapsing at $63pb - Russia can only sell its crude at around £53 but it’s
Russians reeling from another Saudi decision to reduce prices and increase production at least until the end of the first quarter of 2026. With oil prices already collapsing at $63pb - Russia can only sell its crude at around £53 but it’s
MASSIVE UKRAINE ATTACK ON TUAPSE
Russia’s already beleaguered Black Sea oil export terminal was hit hard again last night by naval drones exploding on the export loading piers. The port is in such a state now that it’s unlikely to be repaired inside a year.
No tankers have been loaded there for
Russia’s already beleaguered Black Sea oil export terminal was hit hard again last night by naval drones exploding on the export loading piers. The port is in such a state now that it’s unlikely to be repaired inside a year.
No tankers have been loaded there for
November 11, 2025 at 6:44 AM
MASSIVE UKRAINE ATTACK ON TUAPSE
Russia’s already beleaguered Black Sea oil export terminal was hit hard again last night by naval drones exploding on the export loading piers. The port is in such a state now that it’s unlikely to be repaired inside a year.
No tankers have been loaded there for
Russia’s already beleaguered Black Sea oil export terminal was hit hard again last night by naval drones exploding on the export loading piers. The port is in such a state now that it’s unlikely to be repaired inside a year.
No tankers have been loaded there for
WEATHER HAMPERS POKROVSK OPERATIONS
Ukraine is heavily dependant on drones and right now the weather is typically autumnal.
Heavy fog makes it difficult to operate and advantages the Russians who use the opportunity to get more troops into the combat zone.
Ukraine is struggling to keep the
Ukraine is heavily dependant on drones and right now the weather is typically autumnal.
Heavy fog makes it difficult to operate and advantages the Russians who use the opportunity to get more troops into the combat zone.
Ukraine is struggling to keep the
November 11, 2025 at 6:38 AM
WEATHER HAMPERS POKROVSK OPERATIONS
Ukraine is heavily dependant on drones and right now the weather is typically autumnal.
Heavy fog makes it difficult to operate and advantages the Russians who use the opportunity to get more troops into the combat zone.
Ukraine is struggling to keep the
Ukraine is heavily dependant on drones and right now the weather is typically autumnal.
Heavy fog makes it difficult to operate and advantages the Russians who use the opportunity to get more troops into the combat zone.
Ukraine is struggling to keep the
THE PATRIOT CONUNDRUM
I’m delighted to say my follower count keeps rising (thank you!) and a question that keeps coming up is why is Patriot no longer able to defend Ukraine successfully?
1. Patriot is the system not a missile.
2. The Patriot system still can target and plan for the interception
I’m delighted to say my follower count keeps rising (thank you!) and a question that keeps coming up is why is Patriot no longer able to defend Ukraine successfully?
1. Patriot is the system not a missile.
2. The Patriot system still can target and plan for the interception
November 10, 2025 at 4:15 PM
THE PATRIOT CONUNDRUM
I’m delighted to say my follower count keeps rising (thank you!) and a question that keeps coming up is why is Patriot no longer able to defend Ukraine successfully?
1. Patriot is the system not a missile.
2. The Patriot system still can target and plan for the interception
I’m delighted to say my follower count keeps rising (thank you!) and a question that keeps coming up is why is Patriot no longer able to defend Ukraine successfully?
1. Patriot is the system not a missile.
2. The Patriot system still can target and plan for the interception
Russia expanded control over Kazakhstan during the 18th and 19th centuries, leading to its incorporation into the USSR. After gaining independence in 1991, Kazakhstan now diversifies geopolitical relations away from Russia, seeking partnerships with the U.S. amid Russia's declining influence.
THE ‘STAN’ GAMBIT: RUSSIAN POWER FADES AWAY
Russia expanded control over Kazakhstan during the 18th and 19th centuries, leading to its incorporation into the USSR. After gaining independence in 1991, Kazakhstan now diversifies geopolitical relations away from Russia, seeking partnerships with the U.S. amid Russia's declining influence.
themilitaryanalyst.com
November 10, 2025 at 3:39 PM
Russia expanded control over Kazakhstan during the 18th and 19th centuries, leading to its incorporation into the USSR. After gaining independence in 1991, Kazakhstan now diversifies geopolitical relations away from Russia, seeking partnerships with the U.S. amid Russia's declining influence.
GOOD NEWS FROM AMERICA
A) Trump was royally booed loudly at the Commanders game yesterday.
B) the Supreme Court has refused to hear a case that could have overturned the 2012 same sex marriage ruling in the Obergefell v Hedges case.
That means there’s no real chance of that coming up again.
A) Trump was royally booed loudly at the Commanders game yesterday.
B) the Supreme Court has refused to hear a case that could have overturned the 2012 same sex marriage ruling in the Obergefell v Hedges case.
That means there’s no real chance of that coming up again.
November 10, 2025 at 3:06 PM
GOOD NEWS FROM AMERICA
A) Trump was royally booed loudly at the Commanders game yesterday.
B) the Supreme Court has refused to hear a case that could have overturned the 2012 same sex marriage ruling in the Obergefell v Hedges case.
That means there’s no real chance of that coming up again.
A) Trump was royally booed loudly at the Commanders game yesterday.
B) the Supreme Court has refused to hear a case that could have overturned the 2012 same sex marriage ruling in the Obergefell v Hedges case.
That means there’s no real chance of that coming up again.
RUSSIAN NATIONAL GUARD TO REINTRODUCE TANKS
The head of Russias National Guard - Rosgvardiya, Viktor Zolotov, which includes riot police and armed and unarmed security services and was created in 2016, has announced that the Moscow region will reincorporate tanks to its armoury.
Zolotov who used
The head of Russias National Guard - Rosgvardiya, Viktor Zolotov, which includes riot police and armed and unarmed security services and was created in 2016, has announced that the Moscow region will reincorporate tanks to its armoury.
Zolotov who used
November 10, 2025 at 2:45 PM
RUSSIAN NATIONAL GUARD TO REINTRODUCE TANKS
The head of Russias National Guard - Rosgvardiya, Viktor Zolotov, which includes riot police and armed and unarmed security services and was created in 2016, has announced that the Moscow region will reincorporate tanks to its armoury.
Zolotov who used
The head of Russias National Guard - Rosgvardiya, Viktor Zolotov, which includes riot police and armed and unarmed security services and was created in 2016, has announced that the Moscow region will reincorporate tanks to its armoury.
Zolotov who used
CONCERN FOR UKRAINE
The winter phase of this war is already harsh. Russia has already destroyed all of Ukraine’s gas production.
However this should be less concerning given Ukraine has underground gas storage equal to almost all of the rest of Europe, but it’s still a reserve not a permanent
The winter phase of this war is already harsh. Russia has already destroyed all of Ukraine’s gas production.
However this should be less concerning given Ukraine has underground gas storage equal to almost all of the rest of Europe, but it’s still a reserve not a permanent
November 10, 2025 at 6:41 AM
CONCERN FOR UKRAINE
The winter phase of this war is already harsh. Russia has already destroyed all of Ukraine’s gas production.
However this should be less concerning given Ukraine has underground gas storage equal to almost all of the rest of Europe, but it’s still a reserve not a permanent
The winter phase of this war is already harsh. Russia has already destroyed all of Ukraine’s gas production.
However this should be less concerning given Ukraine has underground gas storage equal to almost all of the rest of Europe, but it’s still a reserve not a permanent
POWER WAR AND FRONTLINE INTENSIFIES
The battle for Ukraine’s power grid entered a new phase with Kyiv loosing all power seemingly for the fist time, across the entire city, not just parts of it.
The Russian focus on Ukraine’s power grid and generating system has been intense.
Likewise Ukraine is
The battle for Ukraine’s power grid entered a new phase with Kyiv loosing all power seemingly for the fist time, across the entire city, not just parts of it.
The Russian focus on Ukraine’s power grid and generating system has been intense.
Likewise Ukraine is
November 10, 2025 at 6:15 AM
POWER WAR AND FRONTLINE INTENSIFIES
The battle for Ukraine’s power grid entered a new phase with Kyiv loosing all power seemingly for the fist time, across the entire city, not just parts of it.
The Russian focus on Ukraine’s power grid and generating system has been intense.
Likewise Ukraine is
The battle for Ukraine’s power grid entered a new phase with Kyiv loosing all power seemingly for the fist time, across the entire city, not just parts of it.
The Russian focus on Ukraine’s power grid and generating system has been intense.
Likewise Ukraine is
REMEMBRANCE SUNDAY
In this country we can’t be doing with having Remembrance Day on the 11th November like everyone else - Europe basically gets a day off but we can’t be asked, so it’s always done on the nearest Sunday. The date and time, 11:00 on the 11th day of the 11th month 1918, specifically
In this country we can’t be doing with having Remembrance Day on the 11th November like everyone else - Europe basically gets a day off but we can’t be asked, so it’s always done on the nearest Sunday. The date and time, 11:00 on the 11th day of the 11th month 1918, specifically
November 9, 2025 at 9:31 AM
REMEMBRANCE SUNDAY
In this country we can’t be doing with having Remembrance Day on the 11th November like everyone else - Europe basically gets a day off but we can’t be asked, so it’s always done on the nearest Sunday. The date and time, 11:00 on the 11th day of the 11th month 1918, specifically
In this country we can’t be doing with having Remembrance Day on the 11th November like everyone else - Europe basically gets a day off but we can’t be asked, so it’s always done on the nearest Sunday. The date and time, 11:00 on the 11th day of the 11th month 1918, specifically
NUCLEAR BLUFF
Fear is the mind killer. It stops you thinking clearly. Putin’s nuclear weapons threats are about instilling sufficient fear in an uneducated public, and even uneducated politicians, so that he can get something from us or stop us doing what needs to done. Yet we are now able to
Fear is the mind killer. It stops you thinking clearly. Putin’s nuclear weapons threats are about instilling sufficient fear in an uneducated public, and even uneducated politicians, so that he can get something from us or stop us doing what needs to done. Yet we are now able to
November 9, 2025 at 7:11 AM
NUCLEAR BLUFF
Fear is the mind killer. It stops you thinking clearly. Putin’s nuclear weapons threats are about instilling sufficient fear in an uneducated public, and even uneducated politicians, so that he can get something from us or stop us doing what needs to done. Yet we are now able to
Fear is the mind killer. It stops you thinking clearly. Putin’s nuclear weapons threats are about instilling sufficient fear in an uneducated public, and even uneducated politicians, so that he can get something from us or stop us doing what needs to done. Yet we are now able to
WHATEVER HAPPENED TO RUSSIAS FOREIGN MINISTER SERGEI LAVROV?
Nobody has seen the man who has held the position since 2008 since early September.
Long serving Foreign Ministers are a Russian tradition, Molotov at 13 years, and Gromyko for example held the post for 28.
Has the occasionally humorous
Nobody has seen the man who has held the position since 2008 since early September.
Long serving Foreign Ministers are a Russian tradition, Molotov at 13 years, and Gromyko for example held the post for 28.
Has the occasionally humorous
November 8, 2025 at 7:07 AM
WHATEVER HAPPENED TO RUSSIAS FOREIGN MINISTER SERGEI LAVROV?
Nobody has seen the man who has held the position since 2008 since early September.
Long serving Foreign Ministers are a Russian tradition, Molotov at 13 years, and Gromyko for example held the post for 28.
Has the occasionally humorous
Nobody has seen the man who has held the position since 2008 since early September.
Long serving Foreign Ministers are a Russian tradition, Molotov at 13 years, and Gromyko for example held the post for 28.
Has the occasionally humorous
DRONE ATTACK LAST NIGHT ON UKRAINE SHOWS A DIFFERENT PRIORITISATION
Note the front line attacks, but that much of what’s been targeted appears to be railway infrastructure and supply hubs.
Russia has been trying hard to undermine the stability of the army supply lines - both sides understand the
Note the front line attacks, but that much of what’s been targeted appears to be railway infrastructure and supply hubs.
Russia has been trying hard to undermine the stability of the army supply lines - both sides understand the
November 8, 2025 at 6:46 AM
DRONE ATTACK LAST NIGHT ON UKRAINE SHOWS A DIFFERENT PRIORITISATION
Note the front line attacks, but that much of what’s been targeted appears to be railway infrastructure and supply hubs.
Russia has been trying hard to undermine the stability of the army supply lines - both sides understand the
Note the front line attacks, but that much of what’s been targeted appears to be railway infrastructure and supply hubs.
Russia has been trying hard to undermine the stability of the army supply lines - both sides understand the
A GUNVOR TALE
Established by Gennady Timchenko, a close friend of Putin in 2000 and to give it a veneer of western credibility Torbjörn Törnqvist of Sweden.
In 2014 knowing he would be sanctioned personally Timchenko ‘withdrew’ from the company and left Törnquist running it to this day.
Registered
Established by Gennady Timchenko, a close friend of Putin in 2000 and to give it a veneer of western credibility Torbjörn Törnqvist of Sweden.
In 2014 knowing he would be sanctioned personally Timchenko ‘withdrew’ from the company and left Törnquist running it to this day.
Registered
November 8, 2025 at 6:38 AM
A GUNVOR TALE
Established by Gennady Timchenko, a close friend of Putin in 2000 and to give it a veneer of western credibility Torbjörn Törnqvist of Sweden.
In 2014 knowing he would be sanctioned personally Timchenko ‘withdrew’ from the company and left Törnquist running it to this day.
Registered
Established by Gennady Timchenko, a close friend of Putin in 2000 and to give it a veneer of western credibility Torbjörn Törnqvist of Sweden.
In 2014 knowing he would be sanctioned personally Timchenko ‘withdrew’ from the company and left Törnquist running it to this day.
Registered
QUOTE FOR THE DAY…
“You never know you’re going to win a war until you do.
You don’t know you’ve lost a war until you have.”
GJC
“You never know you’re going to win a war until you do.
You don’t know you’ve lost a war until you have.”
GJC
November 7, 2025 at 11:06 PM
QUOTE FOR THE DAY…
“You never know you’re going to win a war until you do.
You don’t know you’ve lost a war until you have.”
GJC
“You never know you’re going to win a war until you do.
You don’t know you’ve lost a war until you have.”
GJC
LUKOIL IN DEEPER TROUBLE AS GUNVER PULLS OUT
The US state department said it would not approve Gunver as the buyer of Lukoils overseas assets. It had offered $22 billion but had a connection to Russia via its previous majority owner.
The deal has now collapsed putting Lukoil in a difficult
The US state department said it would not approve Gunver as the buyer of Lukoils overseas assets. It had offered $22 billion but had a connection to Russia via its previous majority owner.
The deal has now collapsed putting Lukoil in a difficult
November 7, 2025 at 8:33 AM
LUKOIL IN DEEPER TROUBLE AS GUNVER PULLS OUT
The US state department said it would not approve Gunver as the buyer of Lukoils overseas assets. It had offered $22 billion but had a connection to Russia via its previous majority owner.
The deal has now collapsed putting Lukoil in a difficult
The US state department said it would not approve Gunver as the buyer of Lukoils overseas assets. It had offered $22 billion but had a connection to Russia via its previous majority owner.
The deal has now collapsed putting Lukoil in a difficult
X IS A DEAD ZONE FOR FREE SPEECH
Study of the new X algorithm has shown that if you come from England your posts will be effectively ignored. Any discussion of Ukraine is being minimised and largely ignored, liberal channels and political speech is actively being allowed to wither on the
Study of the new X algorithm has shown that if you come from England your posts will be effectively ignored. Any discussion of Ukraine is being minimised and largely ignored, liberal channels and political speech is actively being allowed to wither on the
November 7, 2025 at 8:23 AM
X IS A DEAD ZONE FOR FREE SPEECH
Study of the new X algorithm has shown that if you come from England your posts will be effectively ignored. Any discussion of Ukraine is being minimised and largely ignored, liberal channels and political speech is actively being allowed to wither on the
Study of the new X algorithm has shown that if you come from England your posts will be effectively ignored. Any discussion of Ukraine is being minimised and largely ignored, liberal channels and political speech is actively being allowed to wither on the
UKRAINE HAS TAKEN THE POLITICAL DECISION TO HOLD POKROVSK AS LONG AS ITS VIABLE
I understand the choice. It’s
Not an easy one to have made.
In war when you are fighting you have to fight the battle somewhere. Pokrovsk geographically and strategically is located in such a position that it may as
I understand the choice. It’s
Not an easy one to have made.
In war when you are fighting you have to fight the battle somewhere. Pokrovsk geographically and strategically is located in such a position that it may as
November 7, 2025 at 6:50 AM
UKRAINE HAS TAKEN THE POLITICAL DECISION TO HOLD POKROVSK AS LONG AS ITS VIABLE
I understand the choice. It’s
Not an easy one to have made.
In war when you are fighting you have to fight the battle somewhere. Pokrovsk geographically and strategically is located in such a position that it may as
I understand the choice. It’s
Not an easy one to have made.
In war when you are fighting you have to fight the battle somewhere. Pokrovsk geographically and strategically is located in such a position that it may as
IT JUST GETS WORSE FOR RUSSIA
Uralvagonzovod which makes Russian tanks and other vehicles is laying off 50% of its staff by the end of February and declining to hire any new workers. They simply can’t het ordered for enough of their business to keep things as they are.
The Lukoil terminal at
Uralvagonzovod which makes Russian tanks and other vehicles is laying off 50% of its staff by the end of February and declining to hire any new workers. They simply can’t het ordered for enough of their business to keep things as they are.
The Lukoil terminal at
November 7, 2025 at 6:35 AM
IT JUST GETS WORSE FOR RUSSIA
Uralvagonzovod which makes Russian tanks and other vehicles is laying off 50% of its staff by the end of February and declining to hire any new workers. They simply can’t het ordered for enough of their business to keep things as they are.
The Lukoil terminal at
Uralvagonzovod which makes Russian tanks and other vehicles is laying off 50% of its staff by the end of February and declining to hire any new workers. They simply can’t het ordered for enough of their business to keep things as they are.
The Lukoil terminal at
The Russians measure their worth by nuclear weapons. They have done for nearly 80 years. It merely masks their innate inadequacies. Yet its the most dangerous and potentially worrying aspect of their approach to the world around them.
RUSSIA’S NUCLEAR LUNACY
The Russians measure their worth by nuclear weapons. They have done for nearly 80 years. It merely masks their innate inadequacies. Yet its the most dangerous and potentially worrying aspect of their approach to the world around them.
themilitaryanalyst.com
November 6, 2025 at 3:59 PM
The Russians measure their worth by nuclear weapons. They have done for nearly 80 years. It merely masks their innate inadequacies. Yet its the most dangerous and potentially worrying aspect of their approach to the world around them.
Good that this is happening but bad that the MoD is supposed to be cutting £2 billion in costs this year alone.
Saying you’re going to spend £9 billion over ten years on military housing isn’t quite cutting it important though it is.
Saying you’re going to spend £9 billion over ten years on military housing isn’t quite cutting it important though it is.
❗️🇬🇧Britain and 🇩🇪Germany are accelerating joint development of a new missile with a range of 2,000 km - UK Defense Minister John Healey
November 6, 2025 at 12:34 PM
Good that this is happening but bad that the MoD is supposed to be cutting £2 billion in costs this year alone.
Saying you’re going to spend £9 billion over ten years on military housing isn’t quite cutting it important though it is.
Saying you’re going to spend £9 billion over ten years on military housing isn’t quite cutting it important though it is.
WORD OF THE YEAR?
Collins English Dictionary has declared ‘vibe coding’ the word of the year. Forgive me but is that not quite clearly two words? It’s always shown as two. It’s a phrase, terminology. I’d never heard it before but apparently it means computer code written by Ai.
Collins English Dictionary has declared ‘vibe coding’ the word of the year. Forgive me but is that not quite clearly two words? It’s always shown as two. It’s a phrase, terminology. I’d never heard it before but apparently it means computer code written by Ai.
November 6, 2025 at 10:27 AM
WORD OF THE YEAR?
Collins English Dictionary has declared ‘vibe coding’ the word of the year. Forgive me but is that not quite clearly two words? It’s always shown as two. It’s a phrase, terminology. I’d never heard it before but apparently it means computer code written by Ai.
Collins English Dictionary has declared ‘vibe coding’ the word of the year. Forgive me but is that not quite clearly two words? It’s always shown as two. It’s a phrase, terminology. I’d never heard it before but apparently it means computer code written by Ai.