Marina Zucker Marques
@marinazucker.bsky.social
Economist • Sr. Researcher at @GDP_Center • Former @UNCTAD, @SOAS • PhD @FU_Berlin • sovereign debt, China, international monetary system. Views are my own.
https://www.marinazuckermarques.com
https://www.marinazuckermarques.com
Check our chart of the week! shorturl.at/l7xhx
COP’s key discussion: achieving the $1.3T climate finance goal.
For that, MDBs must play a bold role. Tripling MDB lending by 2030, per G20 Independent Expert Group, would put MDBs in the path to cover one-quarter of 1.3 T target by 2035.
COP’s key discussion: achieving the $1.3T climate finance goal.
For that, MDBs must play a bold role. Tripling MDB lending by 2030, per G20 Independent Expert Group, would put MDBs in the path to cover one-quarter of 1.3 T target by 2035.
November 13, 2025 at 6:40 PM
Check our chart of the week! shorturl.at/l7xhx
COP’s key discussion: achieving the $1.3T climate finance goal.
For that, MDBs must play a bold role. Tripling MDB lending by 2030, per G20 Independent Expert Group, would put MDBs in the path to cover one-quarter of 1.3 T target by 2035.
COP’s key discussion: achieving the $1.3T climate finance goal.
For that, MDBs must play a bold role. Tripling MDB lending by 2030, per G20 Independent Expert Group, would put MDBs in the path to cover one-quarter of 1.3 T target by 2035.
Reposted by Marina Zucker Marques
It is hard to imagine a more cost-effective solution to foreign-aid cuts than the IMF selling a small share of its gold at no risk to its financial health and at no cost to its donors, write @timhirschelburns.bsky.social and @marinazucker.bsky.social.
bit.ly/48nTRaS
bit.ly/48nTRaS
The Case for IMF Gold Sales
Tim Hirschel-Burns & Marina Zucker-Marques argue that selling a small share of the Fund’s vast holdings would offset this year’s foreign-aid cuts.
bit.ly
October 9, 2025 at 4:11 PM
It is hard to imagine a more cost-effective solution to foreign-aid cuts than the IMF selling a small share of its gold at no risk to its financial health and at no cost to its donors, write @timhirschelburns.bsky.social and @marinazucker.bsky.social.
bit.ly/48nTRaS
bit.ly/48nTRaS
Reposted by Marina Zucker Marques
For @chinagsproject.bsky.social, @marinazucker.bsky.social + I wrote on the need for IMF governance reform, the China-sized elephant in the room, and how there are workable routes to reform—if members are committed to preserving the IMF's legitimacy
chinaglobalsouth.com/analysis/no-...
chinaglobalsouth.com/analysis/no-...
No More Time to Waste: The Imperative to Strengthen Global South Voice and Representation at the IMF
By Tim Hirschel-Burns and Marina Zucker-Marques The International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) governance is increasingly out of step with today’s world. While emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs...
chinaglobalsouth.com
May 17, 2025 at 12:51 PM
For @chinagsproject.bsky.social, @marinazucker.bsky.social + I wrote on the need for IMF governance reform, the China-sized elephant in the room, and how there are workable routes to reform—if members are committed to preserving the IMF's legitimacy
chinaglobalsouth.com/analysis/no-...
chinaglobalsouth.com/analysis/no-...
Reposted by Marina Zucker Marques
NEW from @marinazucker.bsky.social and me in @chinagsproject.bsky.social.
The IMF hasn't agreed a shift in quotas (and thus voting power) since 2010, leaving it way out of step with today's world.
We outline a strategy to break out of political gridlock + increase the Global South's representation
The IMF hasn't agreed a shift in quotas (and thus voting power) since 2010, leaving it way out of step with today's world.
We outline a strategy to break out of political gridlock + increase the Global South's representation
May 7, 2025 at 6:00 PM
NEW from @marinazucker.bsky.social and me in @chinagsproject.bsky.social.
The IMF hasn't agreed a shift in quotas (and thus voting power) since 2010, leaving it way out of step with today's world.
We outline a strategy to break out of political gridlock + increase the Global South's representation
The IMF hasn't agreed a shift in quotas (and thus voting power) since 2010, leaving it way out of step with today's world.
We outline a strategy to break out of political gridlock + increase the Global South's representation
One more double standard on IFA. If you are MDB with rich shareholders, your claims is out of the parameter. But claims from South-led institutions - that should be strengthened and supported - are included in the parameter? www.reuters.com/world/africa...
Battle over 'baby multilaterals' may trap Zambia, Ghana in longer debt default
Ghana and Zambia battled their way to debt restructuring deals with their primary creditors last year, but simmering disagreements over two key African banks could keep them in default for longer than anticipated, hampering their economic recoveries.
www.reuters.com
April 29, 2025 at 3:20 PM
One more double standard on IFA. If you are MDB with rich shareholders, your claims is out of the parameter. But claims from South-led institutions - that should be strengthened and supported - are included in the parameter? www.reuters.com/world/africa...
This Spring Meetings made one thing clear: the IMF must reform its governance or risk losing legitimacy and becoming less effective in addressing global financial challenges.
Maia Colodenco, Florencia Asef Horno, and I outline ways to boost EMDE voice and representation in the Fund
Summary below 👇
Maia Colodenco, Florencia Asef Horno, and I outline ways to boost EMDE voice and representation in the Fund
Summary below 👇
🚨 ATTENTION ALL IMF NERDS 🚨
This new paper from the center is, in my biased opinion, THE paper for figuring out the way forward on IMF quotas.
The current quota formula is flawed and politically infeasible. A package of reforms including a new formula is needed
www.bu.edu/gdp/2025/04/...
This new paper from the center is, in my biased opinion, THE paper for figuring out the way forward on IMF quotas.
The current quota formula is flawed and politically infeasible. A package of reforms including a new formula is needed
www.bu.edu/gdp/2025/04/...
The IMF’s 17th General Review of Quotas Needs a New Formula to Deliver on Development | Global Development Policy Center
www.bu.edu
April 29, 2025 at 2:19 PM
This Spring Meetings made one thing clear: the IMF must reform its governance or risk losing legitimacy and becoming less effective in addressing global financial challenges.
Maia Colodenco, Florencia Asef Horno, and I outline ways to boost EMDE voice and representation in the Fund
Summary below 👇
Maia Colodenco, Florencia Asef Horno, and I outline ways to boost EMDE voice and representation in the Fund
Summary below 👇
It’s that time of year!
If you’re in DC for the WB/IMF Spring Meetings, don’t miss this event TOMORROW apr. 21st 3PM
W/ fresh papers that address the impact of debt on development prospects in Africa + more
Not in DC? Join us online! t.co/mLoTlbc68i
@gdp-center.bsky.social
If you’re in DC for the WB/IMF Spring Meetings, don’t miss this event TOMORROW apr. 21st 3PM
W/ fresh papers that address the impact of debt on development prospects in Africa + more
Not in DC? Join us online! t.co/mLoTlbc68i
@gdp-center.bsky.social
April 21, 2025 at 12:51 AM
It’s that time of year!
If you’re in DC for the WB/IMF Spring Meetings, don’t miss this event TOMORROW apr. 21st 3PM
W/ fresh papers that address the impact of debt on development prospects in Africa + more
Not in DC? Join us online! t.co/mLoTlbc68i
@gdp-center.bsky.social
If you’re in DC for the WB/IMF Spring Meetings, don’t miss this event TOMORROW apr. 21st 3PM
W/ fresh papers that address the impact of debt on development prospects in Africa + more
Not in DC? Join us online! t.co/mLoTlbc68i
@gdp-center.bsky.social
🧵 The tragic earthquake in Myanmar has exposed deep flaws in how global financial institutions respond to disasters. A 7.7 magnitude quake, 3,400+ dead—and yet, key IMF and WB tools remain out of reach.
Red Cross aims to raise $100 mn aid
Myanmar will pay $170 mn to IMF + $95mn to WB
Red Cross aims to raise $100 mn aid
Myanmar will pay $170 mn to IMF + $95mn to WB
Disaster-Triggered Financing Mechanisms Must Provide More Relief for Myanmar | Global Development Policy Center
www.bu.edu
April 7, 2025 at 9:00 PM
🧵 The tragic earthquake in Myanmar has exposed deep flaws in how global financial institutions respond to disasters. A 7.7 magnitude quake, 3,400+ dead—and yet, key IMF and WB tools remain out of reach.
Red Cross aims to raise $100 mn aid
Myanmar will pay $170 mn to IMF + $95mn to WB
Red Cross aims to raise $100 mn aid
Myanmar will pay $170 mn to IMF + $95mn to WB
"What a week, huh?"....."Captain, it is Sunday"
US stock futures tumble as officials offer no respite from tariffs
https://www.ft.com/content/c2c10cca-bc11-457c-a505-d11b37ac987f
https://www.ft.com/content/c2c10cca-bc11-457c-a505-d11b37ac987f
US stock futures tumble as officials offer no respite from tariffs
Declines come after the worst week for Wall Street equities since the pandemic
www.ft.com
April 6, 2025 at 10:42 PM
"What a week, huh?"....."Captain, it is Sunday"
China's response: ”As the second largest economy and second largest market for consumer goods, China is committed to opening ever wider to the world, no matter how the international situation change [...]And we will share our development opportunities with the world to achieve mutual benefits."
Chinese Government’s Position on Opposing U.S. Abuse of Tariffs
www.mfa.gov.cn
April 6, 2025 at 1:40 PM
China's response: ”As the second largest economy and second largest market for consumer goods, China is committed to opening ever wider to the world, no matter how the international situation change [...]And we will share our development opportunities with the world to achieve mutual benefits."
Our broken financial architecture
Myanmar’s disaster (est. cost >100% GDP) qualifies it for IMF relief via the CCRT
But CCRT funds, w/ just 81 mn SDRs aren't enough to cover the 103 mn Myanmar could request- 20% of their quotas
Meanwhile, IMF sits on $282bn in idle gold
Myanmar’s disaster (est. cost >100% GDP) qualifies it for IMF relief via the CCRT
But CCRT funds, w/ just 81 mn SDRs aren't enough to cover the 103 mn Myanmar could request- 20% of their quotas
Meanwhile, IMF sits on $282bn in idle gold
March 31, 2025 at 3:36 PM
Our broken financial architecture
Myanmar’s disaster (est. cost >100% GDP) qualifies it for IMF relief via the CCRT
But CCRT funds, w/ just 81 mn SDRs aren't enough to cover the 103 mn Myanmar could request- 20% of their quotas
Meanwhile, IMF sits on $282bn in idle gold
Myanmar’s disaster (est. cost >100% GDP) qualifies it for IMF relief via the CCRT
But CCRT funds, w/ just 81 mn SDRs aren't enough to cover the 103 mn Myanmar could request- 20% of their quotas
Meanwhile, IMF sits on $282bn in idle gold
Reposted by Marina Zucker Marques
The International Financial Architecture and Sustainable Prosperity. My new paper for @UNUWIDER www.wider.unu.edu/sites/defaul...
www.wider.unu.edu
March 21, 2025 at 6:39 PM
The International Financial Architecture and Sustainable Prosperity. My new paper for @UNUWIDER www.wider.unu.edu/sites/defaul...
É pra comemorar sim! É clima de copa do mundo sim!
March 3, 2025 at 3:00 AM
É pra comemorar sim! É clima de copa do mundo sim!
Today, 8 former presidents from Africa have made public their call for debt relief
African leaders calling for deep and comprehensive debt relief debt-leaders.org/about/statem...
Statements — African Leaders Debt Relief Initiative
debt-leaders.org
February 27, 2025 at 1:05 PM
Today, 8 former presidents from Africa have made public their call for debt relief
Reposted by Marina Zucker Marques
Time to speak up about Africa’s debt crisis, new piece with @marinazucker.bsky.social blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/...
It’s time to speak up about debt in Africa
Through no fault of their own, Africa is facing a debt crisis
blogs.lse.ac.uk
February 14, 2025 at 11:50 AM
Time to speak up about Africa’s debt crisis, new piece with @marinazucker.bsky.social blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/...
Reposted by Marina Zucker Marques
Escape from Washington before it’s too late! Come join our communications team: www.bu.edu/gdp/about-us...
Careers | Global Development Policy Center
www.bu.edu
January 30, 2025 at 12:40 PM
Escape from Washington before it’s too late! Come join our communications team: www.bu.edu/gdp/about-us...
@bancocentralbrasil.bsky.social released the 2024 BoP data
Brazil recorded a $16.7 BILLION outflow via crypto purchases, or 17% of the capital and financial account and 0.76% of GDP. Those concerned with forex stability & BoP vulnerabilities must pay attention to this new channel for outflows
Brazil recorded a $16.7 BILLION outflow via crypto purchases, or 17% of the capital and financial account and 0.76% of GDP. Those concerned with forex stability & BoP vulnerabilities must pay attention to this new channel for outflows
January 24, 2025 at 9:15 PM
@bancocentralbrasil.bsky.social released the 2024 BoP data
Brazil recorded a $16.7 BILLION outflow via crypto purchases, or 17% of the capital and financial account and 0.76% of GDP. Those concerned with forex stability & BoP vulnerabilities must pay attention to this new channel for outflows
Brazil recorded a $16.7 BILLION outflow via crypto purchases, or 17% of the capital and financial account and 0.76% of GDP. Those concerned with forex stability & BoP vulnerabilities must pay attention to this new channel for outflows
Reposted by Marina Zucker Marques
New article with @marinazucker.bsky.social and others on Africa’s chronic debt predicament. Time for HIPc 2.0: track.smtpsendmail.com/9032119/c?p=...
Debt Distress and Climate-Resilient Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract. Due to multiple external shocks since the outbreak of COVID-19 in the world economy, SSA is facing acute debt distress and new highs in the cost
track.smtpsendmail.com
January 8, 2025 at 3:02 PM
New article with @marinazucker.bsky.social and others on Africa’s chronic debt predicament. Time for HIPc 2.0: track.smtpsendmail.com/9032119/c?p=...
It was a pleasure to talk with Mahieash Johnney on Sri Lanka's State of the Nation (at Ada Derana) to discuss the recent @gdp-center.bsky.social policy brief on selling IMF gold to fund the Catastrophe Containment and Relief Trust
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWfL...
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWfL...
State of the Nation | Episode - 43
YouTube video by Ada Derana English
www.youtube.com
December 8, 2024 at 3:14 PM
It was a pleasure to talk with Mahieash Johnney on Sri Lanka's State of the Nation (at Ada Derana) to discuss the recent @gdp-center.bsky.social policy brief on selling IMF gold to fund the Catastrophe Containment and Relief Trust
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWfL...
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWfL...
Reposted by Marina Zucker Marques
Net negative transfers on external public debt in middle and low-income countries continued in 2023. Public sectors in these countries paid more to creditors than they received in fresh funding. Multilaterals are providing net positive flows, while private creditors continue to drain resources.
December 4, 2024 at 8:17 AM
Net negative transfers on external public debt in middle and low-income countries continued in 2023. Public sectors in these countries paid more to creditors than they received in fresh funding. Multilaterals are providing net positive flows, while private creditors continue to drain resources.
Reposted by Marina Zucker Marques
Mark Sobel & @kevinpgallagher.bsky.social "The IMF needs to call for a major debt relief initiative akin to HIPC for those LICS/LMICs where debt payments are squeezing government revenues, making debt service unsustainable and choking the growth prospects of billions of people"
shorturl.at/R3AAZ
shorturl.at/R3AAZ
Distressed LICs need debt relief, not more new debt - OMFIF
IMF emphasis on liquidity strains is off target
www.omfif.org
November 27, 2024 at 6:58 PM
Mark Sobel & @kevinpgallagher.bsky.social "The IMF needs to call for a major debt relief initiative akin to HIPC for those LICS/LMICs where debt payments are squeezing government revenues, making debt service unsustainable and choking the growth prospects of billions of people"
shorturl.at/R3AAZ
shorturl.at/R3AAZ
Reposted by Marina Zucker Marques
the IMF's income position report for 2024 shows how the Fund is in great financial shape... www.imf.org/en/Publicati...
it doesn't have to sit on 90 million ounces of gold. @marinazucker.bsky.social and I have some ideas on what it could do instead: www.bu.edu/gdp/2024/11/...
it doesn't have to sit on 90 million ounces of gold. @marinazucker.bsky.social and I have some ideas on what it could do instead: www.bu.edu/gdp/2024/11/...
A Golden Opportunity: Selling a Small Share of the IMF’s Gold Reserves to Replenish the Catastrophe Containment and Relief Trust | Global Development Policy Center
www.bu.edu
November 25, 2024 at 11:56 AM
the IMF's income position report for 2024 shows how the Fund is in great financial shape... www.imf.org/en/Publicati...
it doesn't have to sit on 90 million ounces of gold. @marinazucker.bsky.social and I have some ideas on what it could do instead: www.bu.edu/gdp/2024/11/...
it doesn't have to sit on 90 million ounces of gold. @marinazucker.bsky.social and I have some ideas on what it could do instead: www.bu.edu/gdp/2024/11/...
When countries need to urgently invest in climate adaptation and development, debt relief cannot restricted to countries geopolitically close to US
MANY more countries need support
www.reuters.com/world/biden-...
MANY more countries need support
www.reuters.com/world/biden-...
Biden administration moves to forgive $4.7 billion of loans to Ukraine
The Biden administration has moved to forgive about $4.7 billion in U.S. loans to Ukraine, State Department spokesperson Matthew Miller said on Wednesday, as outgoing officials seek to do what they can before leaving office to bolster Ukraine in its war against Russia.
www.reuters.com
November 22, 2024 at 3:20 AM
When countries need to urgently invest in climate adaptation and development, debt relief cannot restricted to countries geopolitically close to US
MANY more countries need support
www.reuters.com/world/biden-...
MANY more countries need support
www.reuters.com/world/biden-...