Researchers propose framing large language models as nondeterministic causal models, enabling counterfactual analysis without accessing internal sampling and compatible with any black‑box LLM. https://getnews.me/new-approach-treats-llms-as-nondeterministic-causal-models/ #nlp #causalmodel #llm

Begin software engineering research with a causal structural model (CSM), then use sensitivity analysis and propensity‑score matching to reduce omitted variable bias. Read more: https://getnews.me/mitigating-omitted-variable-bias-in-empirical-software-engineering/ #omittedvariablebias #causalmodel

These findings show how #causality can be inferred from observational data in #Ecology. Habitat loss, fragmentation, edge effects, degradation, and the functional make-up of tree communities have interdependencies, and require a #CausalModel to disentangle #causation from spurious association!
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