An imbalance of Angiopoietin ligands & endothelial TIE2 hyperactivation underlies PI3KCA-driven #VenousMalformation👹

⏫ #MuralCell Angpt1
⏬ #EndothelialCell Angpt2

#SciArt
@hansschoofs.bsky.social ‬@taijamakinenlab.bsky.social‬
@natcardiovascres.nature.com 2025
www.nature.com/articles/s44...

Renal Arteriogenesis by
FoxD1+ stromal progenitor-derived #Netrin1

1) Endothelial #BranchingMorphogenesis
2) #MuralCell vessel coverage
3) Timely differentiation of Six2+ nephron progenitors

@ondinecleaver.bsky.social Development 2023
1/5🧵
journals.biologists.com/dev/article/...

Here is a #precapillarysphincter. As #arterioles 🟢 dive into the 🧠, they branch to smaller vessels. When larger arterioles (15-25um) branch into #capillaries, they need a #sphincter (3-4um) to reduce #RBC flow⚫️ and pressure in the #capillary. The resistance is provided by #muralcell🔴 encirclement.

#MicrovascularAging
An opulent study on CNS #MuralCell Notch3🤠

Aging👤->⏬Notch3 in Arterial/Arteriolar #SmoothMuscleCell (Likely EC as well?)

Notch3-/-🐭->
Loss of🧠SMC contractility & coverage
Cerebral arterial tortuosity, microaneurysm

Arispe lab #JCI 2023
www.jci.org/articles/vie...

Vascularize #hiPSC-derived Retinal #Organoid with dissociated #EndothelialCell + #MuralCell from #BloodVesselOrganoid

Vascularized RO has more mature neurons (TUJ+SMI32+) & mature RGC (SNCG+)

Hi glucose/IL6/TNFα/VEGF to model #DiabeticRetinopathy

#StemCells 2025
academic.oup.com/stmcls/advan...