Main conclusion Far-red light is stressful to Marchantia polymorpha and reduces the efficiency of photosystem II. In response, Marchantia reorganizes the chloroplast ultrastructure, forming Rubisco co...

Ferns are the second largest and most diverse group of vascular plants, but they are less studied for their stress tolerance and medicinal potentials. The review highlights that multidisciplinary col...

This review synthesizes evidence on phenolic concentrations and diversity in ruminant meat and milk, considering animal species, management, forage, seasonality, and analytical methods. From 39 studie...

Abstract. The isolation of organelles is critical for gaining a deeper understanding of their functions in intracellular processes, not only at the cellula

A suppressor screen in proton gradient regulation-like1ab plants reveals factors that regulate PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 function and stability through s

C4 crops such as maize and sorghum are vital to global food and bioenergy systems due to their high productivity and resource use efficiency, underpinned by a CO2 concentrating mechanism. Despite thi...

Cyanobacteria and plastids harbor two prenylated quinones that serve as vital photosynthetic cofactors. One is a naphthoquinone (phylloquinone or menaquinone depending on the species), the naphthalene...

Enzyme promiscuity has increasingly garnered significant attention in recent years, with a growing number of enzymes exhibiting this trait being progressively characterized. In plant systems, enzyme promiscuity critically underpins adaptive evolution, where evolutionary pressures drive environmental acclimatization and functional innovation. Conversely, in synthetic biology, this property exhibits a dual-edged nature: broad substrate promiscuity facilitates heterologous biosynthesis of natural products while enabling exploration of novel enzymatic functions and new natural product scaffolds. However, concomitant challenges─including byproduct accumulation, diminished target product purity, and reduced catalytic efficiency stemming from compromised specificity─impede industrial-scale natural product synthesis. Despite these limitations, this inherent enzymatic feature has driven synergistic advancements across biocatalysis, biosynthesis, and protein engineering. This review systematically dissects the manifestations of enzyme promiscuity in microbial natural product biosynthesis and critically evaluates contemporary strategies for alleviating enzyme promiscuity. Ultimately, it seeks to advance mechanistic understanding of enzyme promiscuity and establish a foundational framework for developing high-efficiency biosynthetic platforms.

Plant chloroplasts are complex organelles that house a plethora of redox-controlled metabolic processes. However, our understanding of membrane-level …

Photorespiration is a major source of photosynthetic inefficiency in C3 crops. In photorespiration, the oxygenation rather than carboxylation of RuBP by Rubisco triggers an energy-expensive pathway t...

Phenolamides are specialized plant metabolites with important roles in plant disease resistance and stress tolerance. They serve as biomarkers and effectors of oxidative stress. Moreover, they enhance...

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Abstract. Lipid droplets (LDs) are subcellular organelles consisting of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a monolayered membrane and a protein coat. Recen

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans...

‘Catch & Release’ represents a cost-effective, rapid, and reliable one-step protein purification workflow that accelerates plant research. It offers a functionality-confirmed and versatile binary vec....

Current dogma holds that CO2 fixation by photosynthesis requires additional ATP production via PGR5-dependent cyclic electron transfer (PGR5-CET) to augment the NADPH and ATP produced by linear electr...

Land plants have developed chemical and structural strategies to cope with UV-B stress, including specialized metabolites that absorb UV-B and reduce oxidative damage. This review highlights how genet...

In plant cells, heme is synthesized in the plastid and metabolized to phytochromobilin (PΦB) in two enzymatic steps: heme oxygenase (HO) and PΦB synthase (HY2). In Arabidopsis thaliana , HO1/HY1/GUN2 ...

The chloroplast plays essential roles not only in production of biochemical energy and metabolism, but also in plant development, including senescence. We describe a mutant with an unusual progression...

The AMG-LDI-MSI platform uses gold nanoparticle—loaded MoS2 and doped graphene oxide flexible film substrate combined with laser desorption/ionization for rapid and accurate visualization of a wide r...