Globally tracing freshwater sources allowed us to quantify the role of SIM and MW in water mass transformation. An interhemispheric asymmetry exists between MW and SIM, steming from the evaporation preconditioning surface waters through the length of the Atlantic which inhibits sea ice formation.

In the Arctic, the story is similar but different, increasing sea ice melt (SIM) is making the Arctic halocline fresher. But now clear significant trends can be found in the densest water masses.

Looking at changes in Temperature-Salinity space allows us to quantify these changes in water masses.

Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) has freshened during 1980-2023, not because increasing melt from ice sheets, but because of less sea ice being formed - positive trend in sea ice meltwater (SIM).

A Self Organizing Map machine learning technique is used to track the different relationships of salinity and stable oxygen isotopes in different water masses, which then allows us to quantify Sea Ice Meltwater and Meteoric Water (a.k.a. precipitation) in the global ocean.

Interested in the freshwater distribution and variability in the Southern Ocean 🌊 ?

Come by my #EGU25 presentation where I will show new insights from oxygen stable isotopes!

🗓️: Monday April 28
🕰️: 14:32 - 14:42
⛓️‍💥: meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU25/EGU25-...

SOLAS Summer School (2023) reunion at #OSM24 - Great to see so many known faces! #SOLAS #SurfaceOceanLowerAtmosphereStudies

Going to #OSM24 and interested in the Nordic Seas 🌊? On Monday I will present the Nordic Seas ventilation timescales which we inferred by assimilating water-mass ages into a mixing model. Happy to meet and discuss!
Add it to your schedule: eppro02.ativ.me/appinfo.php?...