Radiolab, Heavyweight, The Hart, Modern Love

Yes, it was a cherry tree. From what I know the mushroom indeed change flavor depending on the tree it grows on, but I don't have a clue which one would be better.

Makes sense. Oaks are a suitable habitat.

There aren't many big Lepiotas to pick from (although North America has more mushrooms species and I don't know them all). Next time try to take a picture from above and one of the stem. The stem is key to tell differences in Lepiota (and size, some small Lepiotas are deadly).

In the basket I would say Lactarius (probably deliciosus, but they are hard to tell apart without knowing in which habitat you found them) plus I think Chroogomphus rutilus. In the plastic container I would say Suillus luteus.

The first one is almost surely an Amanita crocea

Phallus impudicus!

Basically meaning "shameless phallus"

Something looking like a Macrolepiota (very good edible). Given the absence of the pattern on the stem, however I would guess this is rather a Chlorophyllum rhacodes (toxic)

Habitat? I would guess Neoboletus praestigiator

Armillaria species, also known as honey mushrooms, most likely.

It is hard to assess the edibility from pics. This is an exercise, DON'T eat random mushrooms, please. We can assume these are honey mushrooms (likely Armillaria mellea, since they have a ring). They grow on dead logs, they are toxic unless cooked for a very long time, but they are eaten worldwide.

Hard to tell, but it could be a Inocybe lilacina