Function such as gene regulation, epigenetic memory & translocations depend on spatial and temporal genome organization. Linking spatiotemporal organization to function remains a grand challenge. (6/6)

Far from equilibrium: ATP-driven loop extrusion, transcription & replication constantly reshape chromatin structure and dynamics. Thermal equilibrium models alone fail to capture dynamical aspects. (5/6)

Soft beads matter. Coarse-grained chromatin segments are soft — essential for correct 3D distances along with the correct coarse grained bead size. (4/6)

Getting the right chromatin simulation starts with the right polymer rules. Bead size, elasticity & interactions are coarse-graining dependent. Identifying these scale-dependent rules is essential for predicting realistic 3D distances & dynamics.(3/6)

Chromatin is not just DNA — it’s a polymer folded by proteins. Chromatin forms domains, compartments & loops. Experiments give population-averaged or partial views → making theory & simulations essential tools.(2/6)