Population norms. The average rate of neurodegenerative disease in the general population.

Posted the paper above

I posted the paper above

ADHD increases dementia risk, but the available epidemiological data suggests that stimulant medications may normalize risk. Totally fascinating

Thanks @hologramvin.bsky.social for this post! I did not know this so I hunted down the original paper:
jamanetwork.com/journals/jam...

Totally understandable and no worries at all. Thank you for the response. I’ll keep looking

Cool article. Not my field, so grain of salt, but regarding the cognitive benefits, I believe people need to take at least 5-10+ grams per day to significantly increase creatine concentrations in the brain, so you might not expect to see much change at the 3-5 grams/day recommended in the article.

Several others have now asked for references here too. Can you at least let us know where you heard this information so that I can try to track it down? I’m a scientist working partly in neurodegenerative diseases and I’m particularly curious about this question, and have been for some time

That’s really interesting. Do you have a reference for that study?

Afaik, midazolam is not antidepressant, (but it does induce acute amnesia), begging the question initiated by @theborislab.bsky.social here: pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC... : are these expectancy effects? you tell someone something will work, they have a drug experience and then feel better?

There are at least 2 kinds of active placebos: phenomenological and therapeutic placebos.. do they trick the participant because they feel similar to the active drug or bc they produce therapeutic effects? I am not aware of the antidepressant properties of benzos, so I assumed it was phenom placebo

So many thanks to all of my mentors & co-authors for making this possible: @martinpicardenergy.bsky.social @thethrivelab.bsky.social @trpr-ucsf.bsky.social @parkersingleton.bsky.social @curiouslykaty.bsky.social, Gabriel Sturm, Ellen R. Bradley, Thomas Neylan, and Joseph Francis

Altogether, we propose that extreme or chronic stress dysregulates mitochondria, affect, and allostatic triage, impairing allostasis, and driving transdiagnostic pathological states that, over time, become entrenched or "canalized" into pathological transdiagnostic disease phenotypes.

We propose that metabolic stress drives allostatic triage to stress-responsive networks that ensure short-term survival, like the salience network, from other networks including the central executive network that supports executive and goal-oriented functions, driving psychiatric symptoms

What happens when the brain cannot generate enough energy to handle stress?

Stress is metabolically expensive & all biology depends on finite energy resources, especially the CNS, which is the most expensive tissue in the body and has limited access to metabolic resources.

In the ATP Model, we introduce a novel concept- Allostatic Triage: the stress-induced reallocation of CNS metabolic resources from expensive executive control networks that optimize long term outcomes to less expensive networks optimized for short-term survival, like the salience network

Is it really? There are lots of bad therapists, but they nonetheless abide by strict ethical codes. Bad things happen with human therapists for sure, but I’m not sure we’re at the point in which we can even trust an AI not to hallucinate wildly and encourage patients to destroy their lives