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romanhautala.bsky.social
Roman Hautala
@romanhautala.bsky.social
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romanhautala.bsky.social
1. A rather superficial and inaccurate depiction of Amir Timur’s invasion of the Golden Horde on the map from Peter Jackson’s “From Genghis Khan to Tamerlane” (the description of the invasion on p. 289 is extremely brief and evasive).

#mongolsky
#tengri
December 11, 2025 at 6:37 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
9. nevertheless he was forced to raise the siege due to the stubborn resistance of the Poles and Ruthenians who defended the fortress.”
Stockholm, Kungliga biblioteket, D 1471: 3, fol. 109r, 36.
archive.org/details/urn-...
November 7, 2025 at 5:16 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
15. Therefore, by this means the ancient machinations of these Venetians would be counteracted, and extraordinary damage would be done to them.”
Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Pal. lat. 701 pt. 2, fol. 270r, 23.
digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Pal...
October 24, 2025 at 3:42 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
8. The said king Sigismund was overjoyed at this. He referred to this embassy as having contributed greatly to the increase of his glory and fame, and he frightened his Venetian enemies with this embassy.”
Stockholm, Kungliga biblioteket, D 1471: 3, fol. 80r, 24.
archive.org/details/urn-...
October 24, 2025 at 3:42 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
6. Москва, Государственный исторический музей [Moscow, State Historical Museum], Син. 144, fol. 92r, 23.
catalog.shm.ru/entity/OBJEC...
October 23, 2025 at 3:36 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
6. In turn, I myself will sit in Moscow on the great princely throne of the whole land of Rus’.”
Москва, Государственный исторический музей [Moscow, State Historical Museum], Син. 144, fols 78v, 26.
catalog.shm.ru/entity/OBJEC...
October 22, 2025 at 3:50 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
4. Also, this Sayyid Ahmad, our friend, promises to provide us with his help.”
Berlin, Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz, XX. HA, Ordensbriefarchiv, Nr. 7252, 12.
drive.google.com/drive/folder...
October 21, 2025 at 3:43 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
6. Санкт-Петербург, Библиотека Российской академии наук [Saint Petersburg, Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences], НИОР П.I.А.17, fol. 7v, 20.
kp.rusneb.ru/attachments/...
October 20, 2025 at 3:42 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
5. There they did not encounter a single city. There, on the left, they encountered a sea. We believe that this is the Caspian Sea.”
Wien, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Cod. 512, fol. 1va, 1.
viewer.onb.ac.at/106F83A7/
October 17, 2025 at 3:45 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
5. cut off his ear and brought it to the mentioned drunkards.”
Assisi, Fondo Antico presso la Biblioteca del Sacro Convento, ms. 329, fol. 157vb, 7.
www.internetculturale.it/jmms/iccuvie...
October 14, 2025 at 3:57 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
11. our drink, mare’s kumiss?’ He said: ‘I have not drunk it until now. Now you command – I drink.’ He (Batu) said: ‘You are already ours, a Tatar. Drink our drink!’”
Санкт-Петербург, Библиотека Российской академии наук, НИОР 16.4.4, fol. 271rb, 2.
kp.rusneb.ru/attachments/...
October 13, 2025 at 6:07 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
4. assigning to each of them ten or more women. And they command them henceforth to be called Tartars.”
(Innsbruck, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Tirol, cod. 187, fol. 3r, 32).
diglib.uibk.ac.at/ulbtirolhds/...
October 13, 2025 at 6:07 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
2. = The Tartars who advanced from there captured the kingdom of Rus’, the land of Gazaria (Crimea) and the kingdom of Bulgaria.”
Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vat. lat. 5282, fol. 78r, 4.
digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat...
October 12, 2025 at 3:44 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
11. Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 181, p. 320, 26.
parker.stanford.edu/parker/catal...
October 10, 2025 at 4:11 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
4. ‘олна насъ всехъ не будеть, тоже все то ваше будеть.’”
Москва, Государственный исторический музей (Moscow, State Historical Museum), Син. 786, fol. 121r, 6.
catalog.shm.ru/api/spf/2z2z...
October 10, 2025 at 4:11 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
8. And they caught up with him on the Sit’ river. And he bid farewell to life here. But God knows how he died, because others say different things about him.”
Москва, Государственный исторический музей [Moscow, State Historical Museum], Син. 786, fol. 124r, 1.
catalog.shm.ru/api/spf/2z2z...
October 9, 2025 at 3:50 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
4. And prince Iurii was killed here.”
Санкт-Петербург, Российская национальная библиотека [Saint Petersburg, National Library of Russia], F.п.IV.2, fol. 162rb, 25.
expositions.nlr.ru/LaurentianCo...
October 9, 2025 at 3:50 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
8. Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Pal. lat. 971, fol. 192ra, 16.
digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Pal...
October 8, 2025 at 3:45 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
4. А иных загна по Д[о]ну и в Луку моря, и тамо изомроша, убиваими гневомъ божиимъ и пречистыя его матере”
Москва, Российская государственная библиотека [Moscow, Russian State Library], Q.IV.298, fol. 276v, 3.
kp.rusneb.ru/attachments/...
October 7, 2025 at 3:45 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
9. Třeboň, Státní oblastní archiv, Jindžichův Hradec, RA Černín, rkp 1, p. 98b, 11.
digi.ceskearchivy.cz/300009/99/12...

Interesting Czech perception of the Golden Horde as part of an imaginary Islamic world, united and taking up arms against Christian Europe.
October 6, 2025 at 3:41 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
4. Москва, Государственный исторический музей [Moscow, State Historical Museum], Син. 786, fol. 96r, 18.
catalog.shm.ru/api/spf/2z2z...
October 5, 2025 at 3:52 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
7. nil curans de spoliis, omnem pretiosarum rerum parvi pendens predam, in sola hominum cede crassatur”
Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vat. lat. 7019, fol. 49r, 4.
digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Vat...
October 3, 2025 at 4:08 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
3. non habebant aliquos collectores. Tartari tantum interfectionibus hominum insistentes, de spoliis minime curare videbantur”
Johannes de Thurocz. Chronica Hungarorum. Augsburg: Erhard Ratdolt, Theobaldus Feger, 1488, fol. 161r, 25.
daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/0003/bsb0003...
October 3, 2025 at 4:08 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
7. However, the word “Tatar” is actually contained in this place:
“Hoc autem nomen Tartari non nomen est gentis proprium, sed a quadam aqua, que illorum preterfluit regionem, sic appellati sunt vel, secundum cosdam (recte: quosdam), Tatar idem sonat, quod multitudo” (fol. 51v, 13).
October 2, 2025 at 3:37 PM
romanhautala.bsky.social
6. Although I do not have access to the Split codex, this Vatican copy appears to be quite accurate and contains the reading of “Tartars” in both cases:
“De peste Thartharorum” (fol. 46r, 25), “De natura Thartharorum” (fol. 51r, 23).
October 2, 2025 at 3:37 PM