The lips were great too!

Such a great film! Classic. Prescient.

Totally! It was a good point you made.

We want to make that happen here too. See the recent ESIG paper.

Yes, but they need a storage buffer. So you can easily upgrade a BESS system (battery) to GFM with just a software update, but wind/solar plant would need a bit of hardware (short term storage).

Yeah, that's not a good translation.

Jeff means IEEE 2800, not 1547

6/ Conclusion? Don't jump to them! This was not an inertia problem, but a voltage regulation problem.

5/ The recommendations for Spain to reduce the risk of future blackouts? (1) increase battery storage, (2) increase interconnections to France. Spain will also allow inverter based resources to provide voltage control, not just synchronous machines.

4/ In addition, some generation plants disconnected before they should have - e.g. they tripped offline when they could have “ridden through” the voltage disturbance.

3/The system operator had not provisioned enough plants with voltage control capabilities, and some thermal plants did not provide voltage response - in fact, they responded improperly and increased voltage.

2/ “Lack of inertia” had nothing to do with the problem, just as suspected. The issue was voltage regulation, there were earlier voltage oscillations that the system operator dampened, which further increased voltage. This over voltage then caused several plants to trip, which led to the collapse.

💯

Pretty sure it’s chokecherry and Sierra Madre Wind, 3GW in Wyoming being developed by Phil Anchutz. Partially on BLM land.

This has to be a carve out for the Anchutz wind project?

Storage. Nice. Looks like Rs acknowledge we need capacity and storage is the fast option. That’s a silver lining here.