Also here: 👉https://www.researchgate.net/publication/390489753_Negotiating_the_State_Citizenship_and_Political_Theology_in_the_Thought_of_Yusuf_al-Qaradawi_and_Rachid_al-_Ghannouchi

and here: 👉
www.academia.edu/128614549/Ne...

It shedds light on vital debates about political legitimacy and theological authority in the Muslim world. It also explores these thinkers' influential political theologies, highlighting how both blend tradition and modernity. A must-read on Islamism, democracy, and governance.

Here 👇

Poljarevic E. "Egypt, Revolution of 1952," International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest, ed. Immanuel Ness, Blackwell Publishing, 2009, pp. 1076–1079

👉 doi.org/10.1002/9781...

or

👉 www.researchgate.net/profile/Emin...

3/3 In 1956, nationalization of the Suez Canal, triggered the Invasion by Britain, France & Israel. Though Egypt faced military defeat, Nasser secured a diplomatic victory, reshaping Egypt’s global standing. The revolution's legacy remains debated even to this day. Read all about it 👇

2/3 Reforms included—change in agrarian policies & negotiations over the Suez Canal. But power struggles among the military officers led to Gamal Abdel Nasser's rise & the declaration of the new Egyptian Republic in 1953, with Nasser as president for life.

The same chapter can be found here 👉

a.
doi.org/10.1163/9789...

b. brill.com/display/book...

Could this signal a move toward civic republicanism? With concepts like al-walaʾ wa-l-baraʾ and al-maqasid under review, such Salafis are navigating modernity. See Syria's transformed Salafis, for example.

read more here 👉

www.academia.edu/25197400/The...

Such groups reinterpret classical Islamic and democratic ideas, as to redefine their role in shaping citizenship in the MENA region. Debates within Salafi circles signal shifts toward broader citizenship rights. Emphasis is slowly shifting to people's rights over obligations, in search for balance.

Read all about it in my encyclopedia entry titled "Islamism" in The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics, ed. by Emad El-Din Shahin - it offers an overview of the phenomenon oftentimes labeled as "Islamism" 👉

www.academia.edu/6916999/Isla...

Such activists and movements advocate for Islam's legal principles role in organizing Muslim-majority societies in various ways. Such activism is often expressed as mobilization against various types of repression, socio-political injustice, and not least, neo-colonial control over their societies.

Read all about it here 👉

"Exploring Individual Motivations for Social Change: Mobilization of the Muslim Brotherhood’s Youth in pre­-revolutionary Egypt"

cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/ha...

What explains this support and why are so many young people supporting this and similar social movements? My research suggests that strong personal bonds, commitment to moral ideals, and strong sense of collective identity (uniquely shaped by socio-political contexts) is a part of the explanation. 👇

The Muslim Brotherhood has maintained widespread support across the region for nearly 90 years. Even though this support has been shaken during the last decade - it is still there. This broad support for change and freedom manifests in various forms and facets of the region's civil societies. 👇

The book and chapter 4 can be found here 👉 www.routledge.com/Social-Movem...

also, at cadmus.eui.eu/handle/1814/...

Libya’s descent into civil war stemmed from key factors: the spread of military resources, militias aligning with political factions, and rival coalitions forming competing governing systems. Despite a temporary democratic space fostered by media & NGOs, weak leadership and mistrust led to chaos. 👇

My main arguments are that a weakening regime, tribal unrest, and urban dissatisfaction sparked protests, while international intervention escalated tensions. Elections in 2012 briefly inspired hope, but political elites and militias failed to forge a unified post-Qaddafi strategy. 👇

Instead of focusing solely on weak states or ethnic divides, it highlights how actors' choices and specific contexts can radicalize democracy struggles into violence. My chapter delves into Libya’s initial failed transition after Qaddafi. 👇

See our analysis, here 👉 "A Critical Examination of the Theoretical Foundations of Wasaṭī Minority Jurisprudence," brill.com/view/journal...