We interview Dr Maddie Judge on the dynamics of moralised social change.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans...

There has been growing interest in the adoption of complex systems approaches to tackle major public health challenges such as obesity. This perspective redirects focus from individually oriented and ...

Complex societal challenges require innovative solutions and fundamental changes in our way of living and working. With well-coordinated combinations of policy instruments, the government can bring ab...

This study reveals how carbon pricing can trigger critical tipping points, driving rapid and lasting emission reductions. When paired with redistributive measures, these policies can simultaneously foster equity and sustain economic stability.

Background Systems approaches are increasingly adopted in public health, commonly operationalised using system dynamics (SD). In public health, systems approaches have prioritised understanding the current system by describing the causes of a complex problem – e.g. obesity – as a system. It remains challenging to advance from understanding the current system producing undesired outcomes, towards responses to improve outcomes. Rather than creating models of the (entire) system, SD traditionally emphasises specific models to support policy development. While core concepts from SD have effectively been adopted in public health, there may be more to learn from SD when it comes to designing systems approaches that can fulfil the purpose of informing problem responses. Methods We reviewed seminal SD literature for clues on how to refine the focus of systems approaches, so that they lead to specific models supporting policy development. We conducted a narrative review, seeking a strategy that can be leveraged in systems approaches in public health. We concentrated on SD’s problem framing strategy, leading to two insights. Results Insight 1: Alongside the complex problem at stake (e.g. obesity), consider the intended result of the systems approach (coordination, learning, analysis or transformation). This helps recognise which system components are relevant to problem responses and make methodological decisions accordingly. Insight 2: If investigation of the current system reveals that only radical change can lead to improved outcomes, then proceed to envisioning how the system could be fundamentally transformed to support those desired outcomes. This next step helps to anticipate policy resistance, unintended consequences and counterintuitive behaviour by contemplating how the system would react due to proposed problem responses. Conclusions Applying a problem framing strategy, as is commonly done in SD, could make systems approaches in public health better positioned to inform problem responses. Problem framing stimulates the contribution of systems approaches to health policy, prioritising system components relevant to problem responses (Insight 1), which may not be part of the system (Insight 2).

Causal loop diagrams (CLDs) are widely used in health and environmental research to represent hypothesized causal structures underlying complex problems. However, as qualitative and static representat...

Advanced qualitative systems exploration platform for researchers, policy makers, and consultants working with complex systems.

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