📖 Want the full story? Check out our preprint for more on how immune profiling of CSF is changing our understanding of CNS diseases:

t.co/DbDFmnKe8x

🧠 This study highlights CSF as a window into brain immune activity and tumor biology. Single-cell technologies paired with liquid biopsies pave the way for non-invasive diagnostics and precision oncology 🚀💥

🛠 This has relevant clinical implications:
💪 CSF profiling can guide personalized therapies: i.e. identify active immune responses and monitor therapy resistance
💪 It brings us a step closer to using CSF for tailored cancer treatments

🧫 The Myeloid landscapes of CNS lymphomas and inflammatory diseases presented infiltrating macrophages whereas glioblastomas and brain metastases have more resident-like macrophages and showed relevant metabolic reprogramming (e.g., lactate production).

🔄 Regarding T cell dynamics, CD8 T cells showed high clonal expansion and activity in CNS lymphomas whereas exhausted and regulatory T cell phenotypes dominated in glioblastomas and brain metastases, hinting at immune evasion 😶‍🌫️

We found distinct immune profiles in the CSF:
1. Robust T cell activation & clonal expansion in CNS lymphoma
2. Myeloid-dominated CSF, w/ fewer T cells in glioblastomas & brain metastases
3. Lymphoid cell dominance reflecting active immune responses in CNS inflammatory disorders

💡 Our goal was to establish CSF as a minimally invasive "liquid biopsy" that mirrors brain immune responses.
Therefore enabling:
- Immune response tracking
- Monitoring tumor progression
- Identifying therapy resistance
- Unlocking new biomarkers

This work has been a huge effort where we applied:
✅ Single-cell RNA sequencing
✅ Single cell and deep TCR sequencing
✅ Cell-free DNA sequencing
✅ Spatial transcriptomics
of cerebrospinal fluid and matched blood and brain tissue pieces of patients suffering from CNS diseases.