Conclusion: Platforms are both resisting pressure and setting new boundaries. The profession is transforming alongside this new economy, with the distinction between journalism and content creation becoming increasingly blurred in some areas.

Finding (4): YouTube-based "micro-news centers" are eliminating division of labor: A small number of people are doing a lot of work; news quality and professional training mechanisms are weakening.

Finding (3): Political pressure does not make YouTube a completely free space; self-censorship persists in various forms due to surveillance, the risk of lawsuits, and community pressure.

Finding (2): Algorithmic opacity and the attention economy are undermining journalistic priorities; technically appealing, emotional/sensational content is being rewarded more; field journalism is eroding.

Finding (1): YouTube is a partial refuge; it provides an escape from corporate/political pressure, but it is not a complete alternative to freedom. Algorithms determine visibility; this visibility reinforces existing inequalities.

It presents four consecutive stages of negotiated reading: immersion, recognition of textual polysemy, resolution of the polysemic contradiction, and incorporation of polysemy.

The paper conceptualizes negotiated reading as a process of critical reconciliation with the dominant ideological framework of the text rather than a process of simply rejecting/accepting some textual elements /3

Given that all modes of reading in Stuart Hall's terms are more or less negotiated reading, the paper brings fresh insight into the relationship between textual polysemy and negotiated reading