Nina Schwalbe, MPH, PhD
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nschwalbe.bsky.social
Nina Schwalbe, MPH, PhD
@nschwalbe.bsky.social
Strategist • Researcher • Advocate • CEO at Spark Street Advisors • Senior Scholar at O'Neill Institute • Dyslexic (typos mine) • Writes about public health and health equity • www.ssc.nyc
🔜 As next step, States and Stakeholders ill engage in informal intersessional discussions

📪The Bureau will define format, topics and schedule for these informals

➡️IGWG4 will take place on 1-5 Dec and continue to draft formal text.

See you then!
November 7, 2025 at 5:19 PM
🔥In related news, leaked docs show US plans to tie HIV, TB & malaria support to pathogen sharing with no obligation of the US to share medical countermeasures in return.

🤚Stakeholders were firm: no bilateral deals.

healthpolicy-watch.news/exclusive-us...
EXCLUSIVE: US Ties Global Health Aid To Data Sharing On Pathogens – Undermining WHO Talks - Health Policy Watch
The United States (US) aims to compel countries that receive its aid to fight HIV, tuberculosis and malaria to share all information about “pathogens with
healthpolicy-watch.news
November 7, 2025 at 5:19 PM
📢In joint statement with @panaction.bsky.social, @fourpawsint.bsky.social, we called for better transparency by Member States reconsidering Relevant Stakeholder access to formal sessions as observers

bsky.app/profile/pana...
On the last day of the IGWG3 negotiations on the #PABS Annex, @panaction.bsky.social @fourpawsint.bsky.social the Panel for a Global Public Health Convention and Spark Street Advisors called for transparency and observer status in a joint statement. www.pandemicactionnetwork.org/news/transpa...
Transparency, Observer Status, & Multilateralism – IGWG3 Statements | Pandemic Action Network
www.pandemicactionnetwork.org
November 7, 2025 at 5:19 PM
🫶 The Bureau has taken great effort to engage Relevant Stakeholders, providing briefings and space to discuss how improve interactions

🗞️ All screen texts were shared daily with Stakeholders

🛑 While many States welcome Stakeholders in formal sessions, others oppose - making it a no-go.
November 7, 2025 at 5:19 PM
✏️Member States reaffirmed their commitment to work in good faith, to carefully define operational details and close potential loopholes

⚖️Drafting remains operationally feasibly but politically difficult for some states - requiring a delicate balancing act.
November 7, 2025 at 5:19 PM
💼After drafting operations, access to PABS materials and sequence iInformation, benefit-sharing (Sect. 2), and governance (Sect. 3) earlier this week, last day focused on expanding scope and terms (Sect. 1)

🔍Sticky points (among many) include defining categorization of users.
November 7, 2025 at 5:19 PM
👇Check out our joint statement here:

@panaction.bsky.social, @helenclarknz.bsky.social, @fourpawsint.bsky.social, Panel for a Global Public Health Convention, and Save the Children

www.pandemicactionnetwork.org/news/details...
Details Matter: Getting to Work on PABS Text — Joint Statement | Pandemic Action Network
www.pandemicactionnetwork.org
November 3, 2025 at 4:01 PM
The day will continue on drafting PABS Annex text behind closed doors, with focus on Section II Provisions for Implementation of the PABS System:

🪜Operation of the PABS System

🧬Access to PABS Materials and Sequence Information

🍎PABS System benefit-sharing
November 3, 2025 at 4:01 PM
Stakeholder notes included:

🗺️Create comprehensive, legally binding text

✏️Operationalize benefit-sharing with clearer details

💵Integrate affordability

🧩Include stakeholders in negotiations & use technical expertise

💊Focus on diagnostics, therapeutics & knowhow, not only vaccines
November 3, 2025 at 4:01 PM
Process-wise:

🏁Start line-by-line negotiations asap

🗞️Build on existing convergence & limit negotiations to critical issues

🚒Use intersessions to keep going

💪Pressure test text with experts

🎈Include Stakeholders where possible to increase trust

📆Circulate docs in all UN languages
November 3, 2025 at 4:01 PM
State interventions content-wise focused on:

🦠Develop predictable system for both peacetime and pandemics

📜Ensure sovereign rights while commit to openess & transparency

⚖️Operationalize and guarantee equity

🔨 Strengthen legal commitments

🔍Design accountability and enforcement mechanism
November 3, 2025 at 4:01 PM
🛑While there has been consultations with Member States to include Relevant Stakeholders also in closed negotiations, some states remain hesitant

🗨️Informal discussions continue on this matter to find solution
November 3, 2025 at 4:01 PM
🌎Opening, reporting and closure sessions will be publicly broadcasted

🌄Every day starts with open session with Relevant Stakeholders

🔒Actual drafting sessions and next steps will be for Member States only
November 3, 2025 at 4:01 PM
🫶DG Tedros welcomed delegates back to WHO.

🕰️As there will be only 3 meetings after IGWG3, he urged Member States to have draft text ready by end of this year – to give enough time for negotiations before April 20 hard deadline.
November 3, 2025 at 4:01 PM
📍Co-chair Tovar (Brazil) opened meeting, noting that IGWG is now ready to start developing actual text.

📜 The Bureau, supported by the WHO Secretariat, has developed initial draft based on IGWG2 outline discussions, with inputs from Member States and Relevant Stakeholders.
November 3, 2025 at 4:01 PM
⏳ Global health architecture is at a crossroad. Reform debates are moving beyond donor-driven fixes toward equity, sovereignty, sustainability, and coordination. The key question is what remains global and what shifts to national and regional levels.
🔗Read more

bit.ly/GHarchitecture
bit.ly
October 9, 2025 at 7:02 PM
⚖️ The scope of reform varies. Some proposals seek modest adjustments within existing institutions. Others call for a complete redesign. This shows both momentum for change and raises questions over what belongs at the global level versus the national or regional level.
October 9, 2025 at 7:02 PM
🌍 Together they capture different pathways to organize, govern, and finance global health.
Despite their differences, these proposals overlap on key principles:
✔️ Equity
✔️ Sovereignty and country ownership
✔️ Sustainability
✔️ Coordination
October 9, 2025 at 7:02 PM
💡 Our new paper with @claragreiner.bsky.social and @sulehti.bsky.social, we summarize five reform initiatives: the Lusaka Agenda, the @wellcometrust.bsky.social initiative, a @nature.com Medicine commentary, the Gavi Leap, and the Accra Initiative.
October 9, 2025 at 7:02 PM
Odds rate. Love it.
October 9, 2025 at 6:58 PM