We know since Darwin´s book on the topic of sexual selection that the issue is more complex with respect to the sexual phenotype of individuals. The scientific background is provided in the introduction to the study and explained in its full context in the reference cited above.

The study shows that male and female phenotypic variances are overlapping when one measures them and that different body parts can have different overlaps. Accordingly, a categorization based on gamete types does not reflect the reality of individuals.

We build on Darwin’s work on sexual selection here.
Isn´t it self-evident that not all males and all females look the same? One cannot simply discuss this away by a definition. Individuals are more than their sex organs. For a further explanation, please look here: www.biuz.de/index.php/bi...

Our current follow-up #modelling study with @gokhalecs.bsky.social, former colleague @mpi-evolbio.bsky.social, suggests that larval competition for space can actually drive the evolution of divergent reproductive timing, aka #allochrony, which results in spatial separation and reduced competition.

We wish you every success in your future endeavors and look forward to staying in touch. Stay true to yourself!