Microbes.Info
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Relaying microbiology news, articles and comments relevant to aspects on bacteria, fungi, viruses and other microbes / microorganisms. Microbes are 💪
New immune response patterns for #tuberculosis discovered ...
| #TB | #bacteria | #Mycobacterium | #ImmuneSystem | #Lungs | Via uni-bonn .de
| #TB | #bacteria | #Mycobacterium | #ImmuneSystem | #Lungs | Via uni-bonn .de
New Immune Response Patterns for Tuberculosis Discovered Outside the Lungs
Researchers from the LIMES Institute at the University of Bonn, the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and the University Hospital…
www.uni-bonn.de
November 11, 2025 at 6:00 AM
New immune response patterns for #tuberculosis discovered ...
| #TB | #bacteria | #Mycobacterium | #ImmuneSystem | #Lungs | Via uni-bonn .de
| #TB | #bacteria | #Mycobacterium | #ImmuneSystem | #Lungs | Via uni-bonn .de
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Characterization of 5 broadly cross-neutralizing mAbs against diverse H5Nx from humans who received a monovalent H5N1 vaccine 15 years ago. These mAbs 🔺
prophylactic protection in mice vs best stem mAb.
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
prophylactic protection in mice vs best stem mAb.
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
November 11, 2025 at 5:15 AM
Characterization of 5 broadly cross-neutralizing mAbs against diverse H5Nx from humans who received a monovalent H5N1 vaccine 15 years ago. These mAbs 🔺
prophylactic protection in mice vs best stem mAb.
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
prophylactic protection in mice vs best stem mAb.
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Vaxx w VSV replicon vaccine w modified H5 HA. In SPF chickens, complete protection (no shedding). In 23 captive bird species. No negative effects. Strong atibodies elicted. @ 1 year post vax, 98.7% of birds still had anitbodies.
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
November 11, 2025 at 5:13 AM
Vaxx w VSV replicon vaccine w modified H5 HA. In SPF chickens, complete protection (no shedding). In 23 captive bird species. No negative effects. Strong atibodies elicted. @ 1 year post vax, 98.7% of birds still had anitbodies.
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Toba Tek Singh District, Pakistan, 2017-19: backyard chickens, pigeons, ducks prev: 13.4%, 7.7%, 11.4%, respectively. H7, H9 most common.
👉 journals.plos.org/plosone/arti...
👉 journals.plos.org/plosone/arti...
November 11, 2025 at 5:09 AM
Toba Tek Singh District, Pakistan, 2017-19: backyard chickens, pigeons, ducks prev: 13.4%, 7.7%, 11.4%, respectively. H7, H9 most common.
👉 journals.plos.org/plosone/arti...
👉 journals.plos.org/plosone/arti...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
In human nasal and lung organoids, human H9N2 from 2024 (A/HK/2346/2024) replicated and 1999(A/HK/1073/1999) did not. mammalian-adaptive substitution PB2-D253N emerged de novo.
👉 www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
👉 www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
November 11, 2025 at 5:06 AM
In human nasal and lung organoids, human H9N2 from 2024 (A/HK/2346/2024) replicated and 1999(A/HK/1073/1999) did not. mammalian-adaptive substitution PB2-D253N emerged de novo.
👉 www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
👉 www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
Reposted by Microbes.Info
In Rouzic, France, 1 year post HPAI outbreak, the breeding gannet population 🔻 by 38 %, 22.3% of surviving breeders were had black eyes. black eyes birds not associated with differences in foraging behaviour + habitat use
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
November 11, 2025 at 5:00 AM
In Rouzic, France, 1 year post HPAI outbreak, the breeding gannet population 🔻 by 38 %, 22.3% of surviving breeders were had black eyes. black eyes birds not associated with differences in foraging behaviour + habitat use
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Denmark, 2016-2023. Predator species infected later during transmission season (i.e. winter/spring/summer) than prey species (peak in autumn). May guide surveillance.
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
November 11, 2025 at 4:55 AM
Denmark, 2016-2023. Predator species infected later during transmission season (i.e. winter/spring/summer) than prey species (peak in autumn). May guide surveillance.
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Host cell responses to H5N1 (bovine- and mink-) in presence/absence of raw milk across mammalian cell lines. Bovine H5N1 🔺replication. Raw milk addition did not enhance viral replication in vitro, it significantly modulated host gene expression.
👉 www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15...
👉 www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15...
November 11, 2025 at 4:52 AM
Host cell responses to H5N1 (bovine- and mink-) in presence/absence of raw milk across mammalian cell lines. Bovine H5N1 🔺replication. Raw milk addition did not enhance viral replication in vitro, it significantly modulated host gene expression.
👉 www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15...
👉 www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Antigenic map developed using global antigenic evolution of H5 HA, used for vaccine design. In ferrets, central antigen protected as well as homologous vaccines against heterologous infection with 2 antigenically distinct viruses.
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
November 11, 2025 at 4:36 AM
Antigenic map developed using global antigenic evolution of H5 HA, used for vaccine design. In ferrets, central antigen protected as well as homologous vaccines against heterologous infection with 2 antigenically distinct viruses.
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
S. Korea: to mitigate HPAI impact, implemented policy limiting duck farming activities during winter = evidence supporting policy with fewer outbreak than expected.
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
November 11, 2025 at 4:34 AM
S. Korea: to mitigate HPAI impact, implemented policy limiting duck farming activities during winter = evidence supporting policy with fewer outbreak than expected.
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Virus isolation suchess: RT-PCR Cq value. Also cold chain failure or prolonged exposure of carcasses or samples to ambient temperatures = 🔻 impact virus viability.
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
November 11, 2025 at 4:28 AM
Virus isolation suchess: RT-PCR Cq value. Also cold chain failure or prolonged exposure of carcasses or samples to ambient temperatures = 🔻 impact virus viability.
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Identification of H7N9 in quails: A/quail/Hebei/CH06-07/2018 (H7N9). Binding affinity for both α2,3-and α2,6-linked sialic acid receptors. High pathogenicity in both quails and mice, cross species transmission in chicken and guinea pigs.
👉 www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17...
👉 www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17...
November 11, 2025 at 4:24 AM
Identification of H7N9 in quails: A/quail/Hebei/CH06-07/2018 (H7N9). Binding affinity for both α2,3-and α2,6-linked sialic acid receptors. High pathogenicity in both quails and mice, cross species transmission in chicken and guinea pigs.
👉 www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17...
👉 www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Surveillance for AIV in Xinjiang, China 2017-18. 30 G57 lineage H9N2. 3 distinct lineages: BJ/94-like (HA, NA), G1-like (PB2, MP), F98-like. Mutations associated with viral virulence, mammalian adaptation, and transmission
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
November 11, 2025 at 4:21 AM
Surveillance for AIV in Xinjiang, China 2017-18. 30 G57 lineage H9N2. 3 distinct lineages: BJ/94-like (HA, NA), G1-like (PB2, MP), F98-like. Mutations associated with viral virulence, mammalian adaptation, and transmission
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Cambodia, Feb 2023 - Aug 2024, 16 human infections w HPAI H5N1. all reported exposure to sick or dead poultry. multiple infections occurred in 4 households but no human-human transmisison. Reassorted 2321e/2344b.
👉 www.nejm.org/doi/full/10....
👉 www.nejm.org/doi/full/10....
November 11, 2025 at 4:18 AM
Cambodia, Feb 2023 - Aug 2024, 16 human infections w HPAI H5N1. all reported exposure to sick or dead poultry. multiple infections occurred in 4 households but no human-human transmisison. Reassorted 2321e/2344b.
👉 www.nejm.org/doi/full/10....
👉 www.nejm.org/doi/full/10....
Reposted by Microbes.Info
HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in European wild birds 2021/22: waterbird abundance, species richness, abundance of key species +ve associated with disease. Phylo diversity -ve associated = 🔺 interspecific transmission among closely related hosts
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
November 11, 2025 at 4:15 AM
HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in European wild birds 2021/22: waterbird abundance, species richness, abundance of key species +ve associated with disease. Phylo diversity -ve associated = 🔺 interspecific transmission among closely related hosts
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Low levels of influenza H5N1 HA and NA antibodies in the human population are boosted by seasonal H1N1 infection but not by H3N2 infection or influenza vaccination
👉 journals.asm.org/doi/full/10....
👉 journals.asm.org/doi/full/10....
November 11, 2025 at 4:02 AM
Low levels of influenza H5N1 HA and NA antibodies in the human population are boosted by seasonal H1N1 infection but not by H3N2 infection or influenza vaccination
👉 journals.asm.org/doi/full/10....
👉 journals.asm.org/doi/full/10....
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Pathogenicity + host responses in ferrets inoculated with the LPAI A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9): Intranasal inoculation = 🔺distribution of virus, intraocular/intraesophageal inoculation= restricted spread. respiratory tract remained the preferred
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
November 11, 2025 at 4:01 AM
Pathogenicity + host responses in ferrets inoculated with the LPAI A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9): Intranasal inoculation = 🔺distribution of virus, intraocular/intraesophageal inoculation= restricted spread. respiratory tract remained the preferred
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
Reposted by Microbes.Info
chicks vaccinated with oil adjuvanted H9N2 G1 lineage A/chicken/Egypt/v1896/2022 (H9N2)) @ 14 + 21 days old. 🔻virus shedding, clinical symptoms, and pathological damages. Vaccine seed strain 99.00% amino acid identity to circulating viruses
👉 link.springer.com/article/10.1...
👉 link.springer.com/article/10.1...
November 11, 2025 at 3:52 AM
chicks vaccinated with oil adjuvanted H9N2 G1 lineage A/chicken/Egypt/v1896/2022 (H9N2)) @ 14 + 21 days old. 🔻virus shedding, clinical symptoms, and pathological damages. Vaccine seed strain 99.00% amino acid identity to circulating viruses
👉 link.springer.com/article/10.1...
👉 link.springer.com/article/10.1...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
1 Oct 2023- 31 March 2024, 95% of duck flocks were vaccinated in France. But, modelling and field data showed that less than half of flocks had full protection at any given time due to how vaccination implemented. Tricky to realise vaccination.
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
November 11, 2025 at 3:22 AM
1 Oct 2023- 31 March 2024, 95% of duck flocks were vaccinated in France. But, modelling and field data showed that less than half of flocks had full protection at any given time due to how vaccination implemented. Tricky to realise vaccination.
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
H1N1 survived for 8 weeks during cheese making, with 2.6, 2.75, and 4.0 log 🔻 on cheddar, washed rind firm cheese, semisoft brie-like cheese. Below limit of detection within 2 weeks of cream cheese. Pasteurisation before cheese making important.
👉 journals.asm.org/doi/full/10....
👉 journals.asm.org/doi/full/10....
November 11, 2025 at 3:18 AM
H1N1 survived for 8 weeks during cheese making, with 2.6, 2.75, and 4.0 log 🔻 on cheddar, washed rind firm cheese, semisoft brie-like cheese. Below limit of detection within 2 weeks of cream cheese. Pasteurisation before cheese making important.
👉 journals.asm.org/doi/full/10....
👉 journals.asm.org/doi/full/10....
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Great to see the write up of the NZ H7 poultry outbreaks! Virus emerged from local H7 viruses in poultry, after ressortment event, presumably with an H4 virus.
👉 www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26...
👉 www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26...
November 11, 2025 at 3:15 AM
Great to see the write up of the NZ H7 poultry outbreaks! Virus emerged from local H7 viruses in poultry, after ressortment event, presumably with an H4 virus.
👉 www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26...
👉 www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
In Vietnam, 47 tigers + 3 leopards died from H5N1, Aug- Oct 2024. clade 2.3.2.1e, similar to viruses causing ongoing human infections in Cambodia. PB2 E627K present.
👉 www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
👉 www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
November 11, 2025 at 3:08 AM
In Vietnam, 47 tigers + 3 leopards died from H5N1, Aug- Oct 2024. clade 2.3.2.1e, similar to viruses causing ongoing human infections in Cambodia. PB2 E627K present.
👉 www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
👉 www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
Reposted by Microbes.Info
isolations of H3N3 from chickens w respiratory symptoms - HA of H3N8, NA from H10N3, internals from H9N2. Replicate in mammalian cells (MDCK and A549 cells), dual receptor-binding affinity for both avian + human receptors.
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
November 11, 2025 at 3:06 AM
isolations of H3N3 from chickens w respiratory symptoms - HA of H3N8, NA from H10N3, internals from H9N2. Replicate in mammalian cells (MDCK and A549 cells), dual receptor-binding affinity for both avian + human receptors.
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
👉 www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...
Reposted by Microbes.Info
Samples (n = 149) from captive wild birds in 7 zoological gardens in SW Nigeria after AIV outbreak in 2022 - all negative. Most of the zoos demonstrated good biosecurity across key categories. Likely play a limited role as reservoirs for AIV.
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
November 11, 2025 at 3:03 AM
Samples (n = 149) from captive wild birds in 7 zoological gardens in SW Nigeria after AIV outbreak in 2022 - all negative. Most of the zoos demonstrated good biosecurity across key categories. Likely play a limited role as reservoirs for AIV.
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
👉 onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10....
Reposted by Microbes.Info
presenting HA in an inverted orientation on virus-like particles = 🔺 stalk-directed, cross-reactive antibodies. Here inverted HA vaccine (VLP-HAinv) in mice = protection against homologous H1, but also heterosubtypic H5N1 challenge.
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
November 11, 2025 at 2:56 AM
presenting HA in an inverted orientation on virus-like particles = 🔺 stalk-directed, cross-reactive antibodies. Here inverted HA vaccine (VLP-HAinv) in mice = protection against homologous H1, but also heterosubtypic H5N1 challenge.
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...
👉 www.nature.com/articles/s41...