These Chinese-specific brain charts outperform Western-derived models in predicting Chinese healthy brain phenotypes and detecting pathological deviations in Chinese clinical cohorts (Alzheimer’s, schizophrenia, and depression). (5/6)

Cross-population comparisons with Western brain charts (56,339 participants aged 0-100 years) reveal distinct growth patterns in Chinese population, including prolonged subcortical maturation, accelerated cerebellar growth, and prolonged development of association cortices. (4/6)

Using the Chinese-specific neuroimaging data, we present the lifespan normative growth trajectories for 296 structural brain phenotypes, encompassing global, subcortical, and cortical measures. (3/6)

We showed that lifespan growth of regional connectivity is organized along a spatiotemporal cortical axis, transitioning from primary sensorimotor regions to higher-order association regions. (4/5)

After constructing a fine-grained, lifespan-wide suite of system-level brain atlases, we generate person-specific parcellation maps and further elucidate distinct maturation timelines for functional segregation within different subsystems. (3/5)

We report critical inflection points in the nonlinear growth curves of the global mean and variance of the connectome, peaking in the late fourth and late third decades of life, respectively. (2/5)