Right.

EOs must also conform to the Constitution. Thus, the court-ordered injunctions against many of Trump's in recent weeks, including today. www.nytimes.com/2025/05/27/u...

right after the two current vacancies are filled; ideological change in the courts is usually much more incremental,” Cope added."

"Cope said measuring a court “flipping” by active judges ignores the significant number of senior judges who decide panel cases. “[I]t’s unlikely that we’ll see a jurisprudential sea change ...

"“Unlike with recent Supreme Court appointees, circuit judge records don’t clearly break along appointing-president lines," he added. "In fact, there are some Republican-president appointees with more liberal records than some Democratic-president appointees and vice versa.”"

"Cope doesn’t expect Trump’s additions this time around to have a significant impact on case outcomes in the Third Circuit. He said shifting partisan control in circuit courts doesn’t alter case outcomes like a change in the U.S. Supreme Court’s composition does."

whereas a number of Trump appointees in other circuits are turning out to be unusually right-of-center, the Third Circuit appointees are thus far proving to be run-of-the-mill conservative judges, with Matey appearing
possibly the most moderate.”"

with -1 being liberal and +1 being conservative. The average score of Trump’s four Third Circuit appointees is slightly lower, at 0.24. “The Third Circuit appointees are actually pretty typical of the Trump circuit appointees generally,” Cope stated in an email. “That said, ...

is based on qualitative evaluations by a representative sample of thousands of lawyers and legal experts familiar with the judges’ performance on the bench."

"He said the average JuDJIS score of Trump’s 54 appellate court appointees is 0.25, ...

"Cope developed a new way to look at the ideological bent of a judge, called Jurist-Derived Judicial Ideology Scores. The score, assigned to nearly all Article III judges serving since the 1990s, ...

It's paywalled, but "Kevin Cope, a University of Virginia School of Law professor, said that, according to data he has collected, Trump’s four Third Circuit judges don’t appear to be as conservative as some of his picks on other courts....