Im really excited for this work as it sets up a platform for us to study, characterise, and eventually determine what impacts temperate phages may have on the human gut microbiome. Future work may even allow us to manipulate the gut using these unique viruses.

- Temperate phage biology is HARD. We cant using traditional PFU plating (due to superinfection immunity), most isolates were poly-lysogens, equipment required is expensive and technically limiting, and the methods to study these phage had not been developed.

- We test ten diverse induction agents, and the most surprising one was that human cellular lysis products were strong inducers of temperate phages, suggestive of a mechanistic link between gastrointestinal cell lysis/inflammation and the gut virome.

A couple of highlights from the paper:
- We find >100 new bacteriophages, many of which had never been isolated before and we're only 'discovered' through metagenomic sequencing approaches.

This was a really challenging study where we attempted to characterise the biology of hundreds of temperate bacteriophages from the human gut - in the lab! This required anaerobic chambers to grow the gut bacteria, entirely new methods to induce and study the bacteriophages.

This hospital-specific phage cocktail can be replicated across many institutions and pathogens, and we hope it will improve treatment outcomes for patients suffering from these multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens.

We believe this approach offers a strong middle-ground between personalised phage therapy and broader spectrum antimicrobial agents.

In this work, we developed, for the first time, a phage cocktail personalised to a hospital's multidrug-resistant pathogen profile. This product, which we call Entelli-02, offers a frontline treatment option against Enterobacter infections that are resistant to most antibiotics.

This is a great insight and quote! Thanks for sharing