Instead, it embraced an interpretation that triggered public outrage across Europe. 🚨😠

📖 Read the blog: verfassungsblog.de/sentient-com... and share if you agree that sentient companions are not luggage. ✊🐕
👉 Check ICARE's pre-ruling legal analysis: www.icare-animals.org/publications...

Reducing dogs to luggage ignores the social and emotional reality: losing a companion animal causes moral harm to their guardians. 💔

The Court could have chosen a sounder legal path consistent with the VCLT and its own case law on incorporated international treaties.

This ruling is highly controversial. It adopts an industry-protective stance that prioritises carriers’ economic exposure while overlooking both the ordinary meaning of baggage—objects—and the EU legal context that recognises animals as sentient beings. 🧳❌🐾

Key Concepts

The reality is that most domesticated animals still live far from this ideal, and animals used in food production are the clearest example.🐔

Do you think it’s possible for domesticated animals to live free lives with humans?

#AnimalRights #AnimalLaw #AnimalCaptivity #AnimalEthics #Domestication

Animal rights theories give different answers. Some say all wild animals should be free & domesticated animals should no longer be bred. Others argue domesticated animals can live fulfilling lives under human care, provided there is no exploitation or extreme power imbalance.

The debate becomes even harder when we ask about animals:
🐶 Is a dog captive if he cannot decide anything about his life?
🐱 Should cats have the right to roam free?
🐮 Is domestication itself a form of captivity?
🦁 Should humans keep wild animals in captivity for entertainment or conservation?

Marino explains that captivity has 2 elements: a directional relationship between captor & captive & a benefit for the captor. These elements matter when the captive is capable of intentional action & living free. L. Marino, 'Captivity', in Critical Terms for Animals Studies, ed. L. Gruen (UCP 2018)

📖 Read the paper to explore her proposal: drive.google.com/file/d/1XfkB...
🔁 Share this post if you liked it!

#AnimalEthics #AnimalConsciousness #AnimalRights #AnimalPhilosophy #AnimalSentience #BibliographyRecommendation #AnimalLaw #AnimalRightsLaw #AnimalRightsReadings #Consciousness #Sentience

This methodological shift could transform our understanding of sentience and reshape the moral and legal foundations of animal rights. ⚖️

Philosopher Kristin Andrews (York University, Canada) challenges the way science approaches this question. Instead of assuming animals are not conscious until proven otherwise, she proposes we reverse the default: let’s assume all animals are conscious and build from there. 🐖🐑🐕

Today, we know far more about consciousness, yet we still face a critical question: how do we decide who is conscious, particularly when it comes to non-human animals? 🐙🐛

📖 Read the paper to explore her proposal: drive.google.com/file/d/1XfkB...
🔁 Share this post if you liked it!

#AnimalEthics #AnimalConsciousness #AnimalRights #AnimalPhilosophy #AnimalSentience #BibliographyRecommendation #AnimalLaw #AnimalRightsLaw #AnimalRightsReadings #Consciousness #Sentience

This methodological shift could transform our understanding of sentience and reshape the moral and legal foundations of animal rights. ⚖️

Philosopher Kristin Andrews (York University, Canada) challenges the way science approaches this question. Instead of assuming animals are not conscious until proven otherwise, she proposes we reverse the default: let’s assume all animals are conscious and build from there. 🐖🐑🐕

Today, we know far more about consciousness, yet we still face a critical question: how do we decide who is conscious, particularly when it comes to non-human animals? 🐙🐛