@hventurini.bsky.social
#OTILT obesity can increase Cystatin C levels as adipose tissue releases more Cystatin C than lean mass. Also, obesity is linked to chronic, low-grade inflammation and inflammatory states can trigger an increased production and release of cystatin C pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32616516/#:~....
Obesity-Induced Increase in Cystatin C Alleviates Tissue Inflammation - PubMed
We recently demonstrated that removal of one kidney (uninephrectomy [UniNx]) in mice reduced high-fat diet (HFD)-induced adipose tissue inflammation, thereby improving adipose tissue and hepatic insulin sensitivity. Of note, circulating cystatin C (CysC) levels were increased in UniNx compared with …
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
November 26, 2025 at 12:58 AM
#OTILT obesity can increase Cystatin C levels as adipose tissue releases more Cystatin C than lean mass. Also, obesity is linked to chronic, low-grade inflammation and inflammatory states can trigger an increased production and release of cystatin C pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32616516/#:~....
#OTILT ciprofloxacin prolongs QTc by ~5ms and the effects can be seen very quickly after first dose administration as it works on rapid cardiac potassium channels (heRG) @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12709719/
Effects of three fluoroquinolones on QT interval in healthy adults after single doses - PubMed
A change in QTc (Bazett) interval from baseline can be demonstrated safely in healthy volunteers after single high doses of fluoroquinolones that achieve approximately 1.5 times the maximum plasma drug concentration that occurs after recommended doses. There is substantial daily variation in both QT …
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
November 24, 2025 at 8:29 PM
#OTILT ciprofloxacin prolongs QTc by ~5ms and the effects can be seen very quickly after first dose administration as it works on rapid cardiac potassium channels (heRG) @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12709719/
#OTILT Serratia species are sometimes resistant to some cephalosporins due to the production of an AmpC β-lactamase enzyme. This resistance can be inducible, meaning it becomes more active when the bacteria are exposed to certain β-lactam antibiotics (ex. Ceftriaxone)
November 21, 2025 at 11:42 PM
#OTILT Serratia species are sometimes resistant to some cephalosporins due to the production of an AmpC β-lactamase enzyme. This resistance can be inducible, meaning it becomes more active when the bacteria are exposed to certain β-lactam antibiotics (ex. Ceftriaxone)
#OTILT Postmenopausal women are more susceptible to MAC lung disease due to the decline in protective estrogen levels. This hormonal shift appears to impair the ability of the immune system to fight off MAC causing bacteria @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social
November 20, 2025 at 11:43 PM
#OTILT Postmenopausal women are more susceptible to MAC lung disease due to the decline in protective estrogen levels. This hormonal shift appears to impair the ability of the immune system to fight off MAC causing bacteria @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social
#OTILT CVVH can mask a fever because the extracorporeal circuit causes heat loss from the blood, which can lower a patient's body temperature @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...
1340. The Effect of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy on Body Temperature in Patients with and without Infection
Sepsis frequently leads to acute kidney injury. In severe cases, patients may require continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) which involves placement of a dialysis catheter and an extracorporeal blood filtration circuit. CRRT is commonly ...
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
November 19, 2025 at 5:20 PM
#OTILT CVVH can mask a fever because the extracorporeal circuit causes heat loss from the blood, which can lower a patient's body temperature @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...
#OTILT Dimorphic fungi are fungi that can exist in two distinct forms: a mold-like form and a yeast-like form. This change is often triggered by temperature with molds growing at cooler temperatures and yeast developing at body temperature in the host www.broadinstitute.org/fungal-genom...
Dimorphic Fungal genomes
Project Information
www.broadinstitute.org
November 18, 2025 at 10:20 PM
#OTILT Dimorphic fungi are fungi that can exist in two distinct forms: a mold-like form and a yeast-like form. This change is often triggered by temperature with molds growing at cooler temperatures and yeast developing at body temperature in the host www.broadinstitute.org/fungal-genom...
#OTILT demargination is the process of WBC moving away from the walls of blood vessels and back into circulation after times of cortisol exposure which is why there is an increase in WBC count after surgery or glucocorticoid use pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...
Cellular softening mediates leukocyte demargination and trafficking, thereby increasing clinical blood counts
Clinical hematologists have long known that antiinflammatory glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone and blood pressure-supporting catecholamines such as epinephrine cause leukocytes to demarginate from the vascular wall and microvasculature into the ...
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
November 18, 2025 at 12:04 AM
#OTILT demargination is the process of WBC moving away from the walls of blood vessels and back into circulation after times of cortisol exposure which is why there is an increase in WBC count after surgery or glucocorticoid use pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...
#OTILT estrogen increases a persons risk for gallstones because it effects lipid metabolism by increasing hepatic secretion of cholesterol into the bile @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...
New insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying effects of estrogen on cholesterol gallstone formation
Epidemiological and clinical studies have found that at all ages women are twice as likely as men to form cholesterol gallstones, and this gender difference begins since puberty and continues through the childbearing years, which highlight the ...
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
November 15, 2025 at 12:05 AM
#OTILT estrogen increases a persons risk for gallstones because it effects lipid metabolism by increasing hepatic secretion of cholesterol into the bile @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...
#OTILT ceftriaxone should be avoided in neonates due to potential displacement of bilirubin due to high protein binding which can cause bilirubin encephalopathy, AKA kernicterus @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social idmp.ucsf.edu/content/safe...
Safety Criteria for Ceftriaxone Administration to Neonates
idmp.ucsf.edu
November 13, 2025 at 11:11 PM
#OTILT ceftriaxone should be avoided in neonates due to potential displacement of bilirubin due to high protein binding which can cause bilirubin encephalopathy, AKA kernicterus @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social idmp.ucsf.edu/content/safe...
#OTILT Day 1 of treatment for gram-positive bacteremia starts from the first day of the first negative blood culture instead of when the antibiotic was initiated @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC....
Treatment Duration for Uncomplicated Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia To Prevent Relapse: Analysis of a Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Practice guidelines recommend at least 14 days of antibiotic therapy for uncomplicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB). However, these recommendations have not been formally evaluated in clinical studies. To evaluate the duration of therapy ...
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
November 12, 2025 at 10:43 PM
#OTILT Day 1 of treatment for gram-positive bacteremia starts from the first day of the first negative blood culture instead of when the antibiotic was initiated @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC....
#OTILT Fosmanogepix is a broad-spectrum antifungal that can be used to treat drug-resistant strains in pulmonary infections, such as Scedosporium apiospermum @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...
Fosmanogepix: The Novel Anti-Fungal Agent’s Comprehensive Review of in Vitro, in Vivo, and Current Insights From Advancing Clinical Trials
Fosmanogepix, a prodrug of Manogepix (MGX), is a groundbreaking antifungal agent with broad-spectrum activity against yeasts, including Cryptococcus and Candida, as well as molds. It exhibits effectiveness against drug-resistant strains, such as ...
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
November 10, 2025 at 8:22 PM
#OTILT Fosmanogepix is a broad-spectrum antifungal that can be used to treat drug-resistant strains in pulmonary infections, such as Scedosporium apiospermum @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...
#OTILT Patients with ESRD are at an increased risk for UTIs due to metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and being immunocompromised but treatment strategies are the same as people with normal renal function @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
November 7, 2025 at 9:54 PM
#OTILT Patients with ESRD are at an increased risk for UTIs due to metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and being immunocompromised but treatment strategies are the same as people with normal renal function @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
#OTILT if concurrent use of atorvastatin and rifampin is necessary, simultaneous co-administration is recommended to prevent a decrease in atorvastatin levels @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social www.lipidjournal.com/article/S193...
A clinician's guide to statin drug-drug interactions
The statins are widely used worldwide to reduce risk for cardiovascular events in
both the primary and secondary prevention settings. Although generally quite safe,
the statins can be associated with ...
www.lipidjournal.com
November 7, 2025 at 12:01 AM
#OTILT if concurrent use of atorvastatin and rifampin is necessary, simultaneous co-administration is recommended to prevent a decrease in atorvastatin levels @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social www.lipidjournal.com/article/S193...
#OTILT Biktarvy should be not be taken with cations (ex. Ca2+, Fe2+, Mg2+) as they can reduce Biktarvy’s effectiveness. Dosing should be separated by at least 2 hours or they can be taken together with food @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
November 5, 2025 at 10:15 PM
#OTILT Biktarvy should be not be taken with cations (ex. Ca2+, Fe2+, Mg2+) as they can reduce Biktarvy’s effectiveness. Dosing should be separated by at least 2 hours or they can be taken together with food @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
#OTILT Mavyret can increase the serum concentrations of Truvada as it is a mild Pg-p inhibitor and closer monitoring of Tenofavir side effects is recommended with coadministration @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
November 4, 2025 at 10:06 PM
#OTILT Mavyret can increase the serum concentrations of Truvada as it is a mild Pg-p inhibitor and closer monitoring of Tenofavir side effects is recommended with coadministration @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
#OTILT lenacapavir, a LA injectable used for PrEP for HIV, has been shown to be safe in pregnancy and while breastfeeding www.askgileadmedical.com/docs/yeztugo... @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
For HCP's | Yeztugo® (lenacapavir) Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
For HCP's | Yeztugo® (lenacapavir) Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
www.askgileadmedical.com
November 3, 2025 at 11:29 PM
#OTILT lenacapavir, a LA injectable used for PrEP for HIV, has been shown to be safe in pregnancy and while breastfeeding www.askgileadmedical.com/docs/yeztugo... @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
#OTILT Zosyn has been found to have higher rates of mortality compared to cefazolin in hospitalized patients with MSSA bacteremia @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31281864/
Comparative Effectiveness of Exclusive Exposure to Nafcillin or Oxacillin, Cefazolin, Piperacillin/Tazobactam, and Fluoroquinolones Among a National Cohort of Veterans With Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection - PubMed
In hospitalized patients with MSSA bacteremia, no difference in mortality was observed between nafcillin/oxacillin and cefazolin or fluoroquinolones. However, higher mortality was observed with piperacillin/tazobactam as compared with nafcillin/oxacillin/cefazolin, suggesting it may not be as effect …
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 31, 2025 at 9:04 PM
#OTILT Zosyn has been found to have higher rates of mortality compared to cefazolin in hospitalized patients with MSSA bacteremia @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31281864/
#OTILT TMP/SMX cannot be used in the first trimester of pregnancy because TMP is a folate antagonist which could lead to neural tube defects in the fetus @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK582...
Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (Bactrim® or Septra®)
This sheet is about exposure to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim in pregnancy and while breastfeeding. This information is based on published research studies. It should not take the place of medical car...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 30, 2025 at 9:46 PM
#OTILT TMP/SMX cannot be used in the first trimester of pregnancy because TMP is a folate antagonist which could lead to neural tube defects in the fetus @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK582...
#OTILT imipenem is associated with the highest frequency of seizure activity compared to other carbapenems due to its side chain allowing for greater penetration into the CNS @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
Antibiotic-induced epileptic seizures: mechanisms of action and clinical considerations
There exists a considerable body of literature on the increased risk of developing
epileptic seizures as an adverse effect of antibiotic therapy. β-lactams and fluoroquinolones
are most frequently ass...
www.seizure-journal.com
October 29, 2025 at 5:39 PM
#OTILT imipenem is associated with the highest frequency of seizure activity compared to other carbapenems due to its side chain allowing for greater penetration into the CNS @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
#OTILT In the cases of meropenem resistant pseudomonas, ceftolozane/tazobactam (Zerbaxa), can be used in combination with meropenem for a synergistic effect pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC... @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
1597. Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Meropenem Synergy Testing Against Multi-Drug and Extensively-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) have limited therapeutic options for treatment. Ceftolozane/tazobactam is a newer anti-pseudomonal drug effective against resistant PA infections, however ...
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
October 28, 2025 at 6:40 PM
#OTILT In the cases of meropenem resistant pseudomonas, ceftolozane/tazobactam (Zerbaxa), can be used in combination with meropenem for a synergistic effect pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC... @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
#OTILT The reason why the treatment duration for infective endocarditis is so extensive is because the bacteria exert an inoculum effect that causes decreased efficacy of antibiotics @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
October 27, 2025 at 6:45 PM
#OTILT The reason why the treatment duration for infective endocarditis is so extensive is because the bacteria exert an inoculum effect that causes decreased efficacy of antibiotics @sophiaylee.bsky.social @yoon-jun.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
#OTILT we typically do not treat candida colonization in the lungs because it is most likely caused from recent antibiotic use @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
October 24, 2025 at 8:33 PM
#OTILT we typically do not treat candida colonization in the lungs because it is most likely caused from recent antibiotic use @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
#OTILT solid orgran and stem cell transplants both require CMV prophylaxis for the recipient if he/she is at risk, but they differ in the treatment regimens recommended @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
October 23, 2025 at 9:58 PM
#OTILT solid orgran and stem cell transplants both require CMV prophylaxis for the recipient if he/she is at risk, but they differ in the treatment regimens recommended @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
#OTILT Despite a spike from the age of 24-35, UTIs increase in prevalence as women age with women >65 y/o having double the rates seen in the overall female population @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social
October 21, 2025 at 7:08 PM
#OTILT Despite a spike from the age of 24-35, UTIs increase in prevalence as women age with women >65 y/o having double the rates seen in the overall female population @yoon-jun.bsky.social @sophiaylee.bsky.social @bwdionne.bsky.social @jeffpears0n.bsky.social